Psychological Disorders
What is the term for a condition involving significant disturbances in a person's thoughts, emotions, or behavior?
psychological disorder
What term describes the failure of an internal psychological mechanism to perform its normal function?
dysfunction
In earlier centuries, psychological disorders were often blamed on possession by these beings.
evil spirits or demons
What category of disorders involves excessive fear, anxiety, or worry?
Anxiety
A child has ongoing attention and/or hyperactivity difficulties that interfere with school and daily functioning. What disorder might be considered?
ADHD
What is the study of psychological disorders, including their symptoms, causes, and treatment, called?
psychopathology
According to the harmful dysfunction model, what two elements must be present for something to be considered a disorder?
internal dysfunction and harmful consequences
This disorder involves extreme difficulty throwing away possessions, even when they have little or no value.
hoarding disorder
What disorder involves unwanted, intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors or mental rituals?
OCD
person has persistent depression, loss of interest in activities, fatigue, and changes in sleep or appetite. What disorder could these symptoms suggest?
Major depression disorder
What manual is commonly used by mental health professionals in the United States to classify psychological disorders?
DSM-5
Which researcher proposed the harmful dysfunction model of psychological disorders?
Jerome Wakefield
Feeling sadness after the death of a loved one is generally considered what kind of emotional response?
Expected or normal grief response
What disorder can develop after exposure to a traumatic event and may involve intrusive memories, avoidance, and heightened arousal?
PTSD
A person experiences significant gaps in memory for important personal information that ordinary forgetting cannot explain. What dissociative disorder might be considered?
dissociative amnesia
Why is unusual behavior alone not enough to diagnose someone with a psychological disorder?
The fact that unusual behavior may not involve dysfunction, significant distress, or impairment
A person has such an intense fear of spiders that they quit their job. Which model explains why this fear may qualify as a psychological disorder?
Harmful Dysfunction model
What term describes serious emotional suffering associated with a psychological disorder?
psychological distress
What disorder involves episodes of mania or hypomania and may also involve episodes of depression?
Bipolar disorder
A person has a long-standing, inflexible pattern of thinking and behaving that causes significant problems in relationships and daily functioning. What category of disorders does this describe?
personaility disorder
What is it called when a person experiences two psychological disorders at the same time?
comorbidity
In the harmful dysfunction model, why is having a dysfunction alone not sufficient to establish a disorder?
The requirement that the dysfunction must also produce harmful consequences
In the diathesis-stress model, this term describes an underlying predisposition or vulnerability to developing a disorder?
diathesis
What disorder can involve hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking or speech?
schizophrenia
Someone experiences intense fear of being judged or embarrassed in social situations and begins avoiding them. What disorder may explain these symptoms?
Social anxiety disorder