Protocol Fundamentals
What is defined as a set of rules that govern computer and human communication processes?
What is a protocol?
What document tracks the evolution and approval process of a proposed internet standard?
What transmission media uses pulses of electricity to carry data?
What is copper?
or
What is metal?
What is the process of placing one message format inside another message format called?
What is encapsulation?
Which network layer (or TCP/IP layer) utilizes Ethernet switches to connect end devices to the wired network?
What is the Access Layer?
or
What is Layer 2 (Network Access)?
Name one of the three elements present in all communication methods.
What is source?
or
What is destination?
or
What is transmission medium?
While TCP/IP is a protocol model, what type of model is the OSI model? (designed to describe functions without detailing exact implementation)
What is a reference model?
What transmission medium uses pulse of light to carry data?
What is fiber-optic?
What unique identifier is permanently assigned onto an Ethernet Network Interface Card (NIC)?
What is a MAC (Media Access Control) address?
Which address field in an incoming frame does a switch examine to dynamically build its MAC address table?
What is the source MAC address?
What process converts message bits into patterns of sound, light, or electrical impulses across network media?
What is encoding?
Which TCP/IP model layer determines the best path for data to travel through the network?
What is the Internet layer?
What cable type features a single rigid copper core surrounded by insulation, metal shielding, and a protective jacket, commonly used for cable TV?
What is coaxial cable?
What process occurs when a destination host removes the message data from its surrounding header "envelope"?
What is de-encapsulation?
What action does a switch take when it receives a frame with a destination MAC address that is already mapped in its MAC address table?
What is unicast that message directly to the destination MAC address?
Name a one aspect of communication that is defined by a protocol.
What is message format?
or
What is message size?
or
What is timing?
or
What is message pattern?
or
What is encoding?
or
What is encapsulation?
Which three layers of the 7-layer OSI model map directly to the single Application layer of the TCP/IP model?
What are Application, Presentation, and Session layers?
How many pairs of color-coded wires are contained inside a standard Ethernet twisted-pair cable?
What is 4 pairs?
or
What is 8 wires total?
Which protocol standard defines aspects of network communication, including frame format, frame size, timing, and encoding?
What is the Ethernet Protocol?
What action does a switch take when it receives a frame with a destination MAC address that is NOT in its MAC address table?
What is floods the message out all ports EXCEPT the incoming (source) port?
Name one standards organization (can use the acronym).
What is IEEE?
or
What is IANA?
or
What is IETF?
What organization publishes and manages RFC documents for internet standards?
What is the IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force)?
What is one of the four main criteria used to select network media for an installation?
What is maximum distance for data to travel?
or
What is installation environment?
or
What is cost?
or
What is transmission speed/ amount of data?
What specific field in an Ethernet frame is used by the receiving device to detect transmission errors?
What is the Frame Check Sequence (FCS)?
How does a switch improve upon the obsolete network hub of the past?
What is a switch can unicast packets instead of having every interaction result in a flood to every port?