Topic 8:
Control of Gene Expression I
Control of Gene Expression I
What is an operon?
Regulators that exert high level gene expression control
What are Master Transcriptional regulators
Most phospholipids found in animals are this kind of lipid
What are glycerophospholipids?
These molecules readily dissolve within lipid bilayers, allowing them to rapidly diffuse across.
What are small nonpolar or hydrophobic molecules? (e.g., O2, CO2, N2, and steroid hormones)
Genes present at basal levels in all cell types
What are housekeeping genes
Genomic imprinting inactivates a maternal or paternal gene via this modification
What is methylation?
The characteristic bonds of unsaturated fatty acids that produce a kink in their chains, and favors the fluidity of lipid bilayers.
What are cis-double bonds?
A cotransporter that transports one solute into the cell and one solute out of the cell.
What is an antiporter?
These sequences prevent distant Cis-Regulatory regions from regulating the wrong gene
What are Insulator sequences?
The mechanism in which double-stranded RNA induces sequence-specific destruction of complementary mRNAs.
What is RNA interference (RNAi)?
This is a major sterol found within animal cells
What is cholesterol?
Contributes about 10% of plasma membrane potential.
What is the Na+-K+ pump?
These enzymes mediate the process of A-to-I editing, where they recognize double-stranded RNA formed by base pairing between the site to be edited and a complementary sequence.
What are ADARs? (adenosine deaminases acting on RNA)
When there is a transcription regulator fixed to its regulatory region they express the gene at a low level. To express the gene at a high level there needs to be (2 additional items)...
What is glucocorticoid receptor and glucocorticoid hormone?
A type of membrane protein that can be released by gentle extractions using ionic solutions or extreme pH changes.
What is membrane-associated proteins (peripheral membrane proteins)?
Flow of any inorganic ion through a membrane channel is driven by
What is it's electrochemical gradient
A protein specifically produced in red blood cells.
What is hemoglobin?
The pathway that downregulates translation via eIF2 phosphorylation.
What is the mTOR signaling pathway?
Membrane shape is dynamically regulated by
What are Membrane bending proteins and Pushing/Pulling of Cytoskeleton
This class of ATP pump is responsible for pumping small organic molecules
What are ABC Pumps?