Prokaryotes
What are prokaryotes missing that eukaryotes have?
a nucleus
What do we call the little organs of a cell?
What happens during G1 and G2 of the cell cycle?
The cell grows
What is the purpose of meiosis?
To produce gametes.
What do we call compressed DNA?
Chromosomes
What is an example of a prokaryotic cell?
bacteria
What are the two categories of eukaryotic cells?
Plant and Animal Cells
What is G0?
This happens when the cell is no longer active, meaning it stops the cell cycle.
What do we call body cells?
somatic cells
What's the difference between someone with an XX set of chromosomes and someone with an XY set of chromosomes?
XX is a female
XY is a male
What is the name of the tail-like parts of prokaryotes that help it move?
flagella / flagellum
What is the identifying difference between the rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
The rough endoplasmic reticulum is covered in ribosomes, whereas the smooth is not.
The cell cycle can be simplified to TWO phases:
_________, followed by mitosis.
Interphase
What is the difference between a diploid and haploid cell?
A diploid cell has all the chromosomes of a species, and a haploid has only half of the total.
What do we call a diagram of an organisms entire set of chromosomes?
Karyotype
What does it mean for an archaea to be considered a halophile?
Loves salty environments
This part of a cell is a phospholipid bilayer.
Cell membrane
What is cancer?
When the cell's checkpoints fail to stop a damaged cell from dividing, the damaged cells continue multiplying uncontrollably.
Telophase I
How many chromosomes do human haploid cells contain?
23
Why do we distinguish archaea vs bacteria, if they are both prokaryotes?
Archaea have similar DNA to eukaryotes, whereas bacteria do not.
What occurs in the nucleolis?
Production of ribosomes
What are the 4 phases of mitosis?
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Describe what happens during Anaphase II.
Suppose a mother has genotype Bb and a father has a genotype bb. If B represents Brown eyes and b represents blue eyes, what percentage of their kids will have brown eyes?
50%