Replication
Transcription
Translation
DNA
Extra questions
100
What happens during replication?
Dna separatas itself and makes copies for each strand
100

Which strand is used as a template for transcription, the top or the bottom?

Bottom
100
Ribosomes are the protein builders or the protein synthesizers of the cell. They are like construction guys who connect one amino acid at a time and build long chains.

What is a ribosome?

100

What are the building blocks of nucleic acids?

Nucleotides
100

Is the synthesis of messenger RNA is called translation?

No
200
What enzyme is more important when it comes to replication?
Polymerase
200

2. When transcription occurs, what molecules are involved?

DNA and mRNA
200
Translation occurs in the cytoplasm. After transcription the mRNA enters the cytoplasm through nuclear pores, where it can be translated into proteins by ribosomes.

Where does translation take place?

200

What does DNA instruct the synthesis of?

Proteins
200

Polypeptides are chains of amino acids. Proteins are made up of one or more polypeptide molecules.

What is polypeptides?
300
What does the enzyme polymerase do?
They add the complimentary nucleotides to the chain
300

What would be the corresponding sequence to the following DNA sequence as a result of TRANSCRIPTION?

TAAGCATTCCGAG

AUUCGUAAGGCUC

300

Transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) is a type of RNA molecule that helps decode a messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence into a protein. tRNAs function at specific sites in the ribosome during translation, which is a process that synthesizes a protein from an mRNA molecule.

What is a tRNA and its function?
300

What does DNA stand for? 

DeoxyriboNucleicAcid

300

When DNA polymerase is in contact with guanine in the parental strand, what does it add to the growing daughter strand?

Cytosine

400
What does the enzyme polymerase need before they can start adding nucleotides to the chain?
A primer
400

The segment of the DNA molecule where messenger RNA synthesis begins is called the…

Template

400

A set of three adjacent nucleotides, also called triplet, in mRNA that base-pair with the corresponding aniticodon of tRNA molecule that carries a particular amino acid, hence, specifying the type and sequence of amino acids for protein synthesis.

For example:

GCC (Guanine-Cytocine-Cytocine) → alanine GUU (Guanine-Uracil-Uracil) → valine CUA (Cytosine-Uracil-Adenine) → leucine UCA (Uracil-Cytosine-Adenine) → serine

What is a codon?
400

What does each building block in Dna have and which letters are each chemical base represented by?

A back bone and the letters A,C, G, or T 

400

What is the problem when it comes to the lagging strand?

Polymerases can only replicate in the 5' 3' direction

500
What are the two separate strands called?
Leading strand and lagging strand
500

The name of the structure that causes the synthesis of RNA to cease is called the...

Transcription template
500

Amino acids are the monomers that make up proteins. Specifically, a protein is made up of one or more linear chains of amino acids, each of which is called a polypeptide.

What is amino acids?
500

How are the chemical bases paired? 

A genome is a set of intruction to build an entire organism

500

How are the chemical bases paired? 

A pairs with T and C pairs with G

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