DNA Structure
History
DNA Random
DNA Replication
Gel Electrophoresis
100
The 5' end of DNA is designated by what?
What is a free phosphate group?
100
Scientist who took an X-ray photograph of DNA named Photo 51
Who is Rosalind Franklin?
100
A eukaryotes DNA is found in this Organelle
What is a nucleus?
100
Enzyme responsible for breaking the hydrogen bonds found between complementary bases
What is helicase?
100
DNA has this charge
What is negative?
200
Describes the shape of DNA
What is double helix?
200
Scientist who discovered that base pairs are in a 1:1 ratio
Who is Erwin Chargaff?
200
DNA carries the ____________ information/material for the development and functioning of an organism.
What is genetic ?
200
This enzymes connects the Okazaki Fragments together
What is ligase?
200
Gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments based on which two properties?
What is size and charge?
300
If a strand of DNA reads ACGT, this is the complementary strand?
What is TGCA?
300
These two scientists built the first model of DNA
Who are Francis Crick and James Watson?
300
The two strands of DNA run in opposite directions from one another
What is antiparallel?
300
Means that each strand from the parent molecule is used as a template for ordering nucleotides in a new, complementary strand.
What is semi-conservative replication?
300
These enzymes cut DNA fragments at specific base pair sequences
What are restriction enzymes?
400
A nucleotide has three components
What is a nitrogen base, phosphate, and sugar?
400
The structure of DNA was discovered in this decade
1950s (1952/3)
400
The lagging strand is synthesized in fragments. These fragments are called
What are Okazaki Fragments.
400
DNA replication results in leading (continuous) and lagging (fragmented) strands. Identify two reasons to explain this
DNA is antiparallel and DNA polymerase can only synthesize a new strand of DNA In the 5' to 3' direction.
400
Which suspect committed the crime?
Who is Suspect 3?
500
The bond that holds the two strands of DNA together, found in between complementary bases
What are hydrogen bonds?
500
Photo 51 proved what about DNA
That is has a helical structure
500
Why is the leading strand synthesized continuously?
DNA polymerase adds nucleotides in the 5'-3' direction and will add nucleotides following the replication fork, allowing it to be made continuously.
500
Explain how complementary base pairing creates precise copies of the genetic code
Adenine will always pair with Thymine and Guanine pairs with Cytosine. By using the parent strand as a template, complementary base pairing ensures that the daughter strand will be identical to the other, older parent strand.
500
Explain how a restriction enzyme can be used to cut a segment of DNA from two different people into different lengths.
If two individuals have differences in their DNA sequences at particular restriction sites, then the restriction enzymes will cut their DNA into fragments of different lengths.