DNA
Sugar in DNA
Deoxyribose
Full name of RNA
Ribonucleic acid
Process by which DNA is copied into RNA in the nucleus
transcription
DNA must be copied before the cell goes through this cell process
Cell division or mitosis
Factors that can cause mutations such as UV light, ionizing radiation, and carcinogens
mutagens
DNA is found in the ______________ of eukaryotic cells
nucleus
RNA is a __________ stranded molecule, whereas DNA is a ____________ stranded molecule
single ; double
Process by which mRNA is used to create a chain of amino acids
Translation
In DNA replication, the double helix is unzipped and __________________ bases pair are added to each template strand.
complementary
The promoter, operator, and structural genes are all part of the ______________ in prokaryotic DNA.
operon
The complementary base pairs are held together by _____________ bonds
hydrogen
Type of RNA that carries the genetic code from the DNA to the ribosome
mRNA
Three bases in the mRNA that specify an amino acid to be added to the polypeptide
codon
If the wrong nucleotide is added to the DNA strand during replication, a mutation known as ____________________ has occurred
base pair substitution
The concept that every cell in the body contains identical DNA but differ in gene expression is know as
genomic equivalence
Name the three parts of the nucleotide
Sugar (deoxyribose), phosphate group, nitrogenous base (A,T,C,G)
Type of RNA that delivers the correct amino acid to the ribosome by matching complementary codons and anticodons
tRNA
Name the levels of structure of a protein
primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary
Direction that new nucleotides are added during replication
5' to 3'
frameshift
The two strands of DNA run in opposite directions. They are ....
antiparallel
Four bases found in RNA (full names)
Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Uracil
Structure composed of rRNA and protein that is responsible for protein synthesis
ribosome
DNA replication is described as _________________ because each new strand his half new DNA and half original DNA.
Semiconservative
Structures made of DNA and protein that condense before cell division
chromosomes