Genetics
One of multiple versions of a gene
DNA --> RNA --> protein
What is the Central Dogma? (also accept transcription and translation)
Membrane-bound location of DNA
What is the nucleus?
What are the four major macromolecules?
carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids
An organism that has two different alleles
What is heterozygous?
Carries instructions for making a protein to a ribosome
What is mRNA?
Where most of a cell's ATP is generated
What is the mitochondria?
A protein that helps catalyze a chemical reaction
What is an enzyme?
An allele that only determines the phenotypes when homozygous
What is recessive?
Region of a gene that gets spliced out of mRNA
What is an intron?
Process of transporting materials from inside the cell to the outside
What is exocytosis?
Transmembrane protein that opens and closes to let charged particles in or out of a cell
What is an ion channel?
A key mechanism of evolution that allows individuals better adapted to the environment to survive and reproduce more within a population
What is natural selection?
Sequence of three mRNA nucleotides
What is a codon?
Membrane-bound compartment that digests cellular debris
What is a lysosome? (also accept autophagosomes, peroxisomes)
Results in a change in protein function
The modification of the product of transcription in eukaryotes
What is a RNA processing?
The region of of DNA where transcription starts
What is promoter?
Some amino acids match with more than one codon (usually the last letter of the three)
What is wobble?
Proteins that bind to DNA, or DNA-associated proteins, and increase or decrease expression of a gene
transcription factors