Momentum Basics
What is the formula for momentum?
(p = m × v)
What is the formula for impulse?
Impulse = Force × Time
When two objects bounce apart after colliding, it’s called an ______ collision.
Elastic
Why do cars have airbags?
To increase impact time and reduce force
A longer contact time increases impulse, transferring more momentum?
Newton’s Third Law
What is the unit for momentum?
(kg·m/s)
Impulse changes an object's ______.
Momentum
When two objects stick together after colliding, it’s called an ______ collision.
Inelastic
Why do seatbelts prevent injuries in car crashes?
They spread force over a longer time
Why does a baseball player follow through on a swing?
To increase impulse and momentum transfer
If a 2 kg object moves at 4 m/s, what is its momentum?
(8 kg·m/s)
A large force for a short time can produce the same impulse as a small force for a long time — True or False?
True
What quantity is conserved in all types of collisions?
Momentum
Why do stunt performers land on air cushions?
To extend impact time and reduce injury
How does friction affect momentum during motion?
It reduces momentum over time
If mass doubles but velocity stays the same, what happens to momentum?
It doubles
If a 5 N force acts for 3 seconds, what is the impulse?
15 N·s
What law states that total momentum before equals total momentum after a collision?
Law of Conservation of Momentum
Why do crumple zones in cars protect passengers?
They absorb energy and increase collision time
In sports, why is padding used in helmets and gear?
It reduces impact force
True or False — Momentum is conserved in all closed systems.
True
How does increasing impact time affect the force during a collision?
It reduces the force
A 2 kg object moving 4 m/s hits and sticks to a 3 kg object at rest. What is their final velocity?
1.6 m/s
How does impulse explain how bats or rackets transfer energy to balls?
A longer contact time increases impulse, transferring more momentum
Explain how force, momentum, and energy interact during a car crash.
Force causes change in momentum; energy transfers and transforms on impact