Vocabulary
Assimilation
What is when one group of people adopt the culture, lifestyle, and beliefs of another group of people
Why did the government want to make treaties with Native Americans?
Space for settlers to claim, access to natural resources, and a path for a transcontinental railroad
What industry initially brought European people to Montana?
Fur trapping
Law passed in Montana that made it illegal to criticize the government or the war effort.
Sedition Act
Name the two Copper Kings
Marcus Daly and William A. Clark
Monopoly
What is when one person or business holds a significant majority of production in a certain industry
What were the issues that arose during the treaty era?
Language barriers, cultural differences, and shifting terms
What allowed many industries, including ranching, to get their start in Montana
The explosion of population due to mining
Name three consumer goods that were rationed during the wars
shoes, meat, gasoline, tires, sugar, milk or butter, clothing, coffee, coal, fuel oil
City which was the "richest hill on earth"
Butte, Montana
Boom-and-Bust
When an area explodes in population due to access to resources, and then steeply declines after that resource is depleted
How did a misunderstanding of Native political structure create troubles with treaties being effective?
Assumptions that Native chiefs spoke for everyone in their tribe made it so the government thought that by getting the chief to agree the entire tribe would fall in line
How the railroads were able to finance the building of railroads across the West
The federal government gave the railroad corporations millions of acres of free land which the RRs then sold to settlers
Voted "no" twice
Jeannette Rankin
Names of the largest mining company in Montana
Anaconda Copper, later Amalgamated Copper Company
Sovereignty
When a group of people owns a territory and is able to make their own decisions on behalf of that territory.
What were the political outcomes of the treaty era?
The government recognized Natives as the rightful owners of the land and allowed the Indians to govern their territory as they pleased
How did horses and guns come to Montana
The Spanish brought horses from the south, and French/British trappers brought guns from the north
Location of a POW camp for Italian and Japanese prisoners of war.
Fort Missoula
He out-smarted Amalgamated Copper and its parent company Standard Oil
Fredrick Augustus Heinze
Northwest Passage
A water route that would allow boats to travel from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean.
What is meant by Native American's trying to develop financial independence?
Adopting American practices like farming in order to acquire economic (and therefore political) security
How many acres did a homesteader get from the Homestead Act if single? Married?
160, 320
Location where Americans and Canadians trained to become the First Special Service Force (Devil's Brigade)
Fort Harrison outside of Helena
Explain the Apex Law
If you owned the land where a vein of ore reached the surface (the apex), you have the right to mine the entire vein as far as it goes