Associational Abbreviations (AA)
NFDA
National Funeral Directors Association
During this time period, most funerals were held here
The home
This is the most commonly used burial receptacle in modern America
A casket
This man is known as the "Father of American Embalming"
Dr. Thomas Holmes
The American Civil War
CANA
Cremation Association of North America
The widower had a mourning period often lasting approximately this long
1 year
The Fisk Metallic Burial Case was often described as being this, which was a large selling point
(I will also accept light-weight)
This Roman Emperor passed the Edict of Milan, allowing Christians to practice freely.
Emperor Constantine
These individuals were the ones who an undertaker in the 19th century would buy embalming fluids from
Fluid salesman
ABFSE
American Board of Funeral Service Education
This was the location of the first crematory opened in the United States
Washington, Pennsylvania
Coffin shops/warehouse
A Dutch anatomist, he embalmed as a medical curiosity rather than for the purpose of funerals.
Frederik Ruysch
This handy device was often used in place of an embalming in the 19th century, should the family not desire one (or if the undertaker was unable to perform one)
A corpse cooler
ICFSEB
International Conference of Funeral Service Examining Boards
This item was often placed over the doorbell or door knocker at the residence of the family of a recently deceased individual
Door badge or door crepe
Samuel Stein patented this type of burial container in 1871. By the end of the 20th century, they would be one of the most popular types of burial containers.
Cloth covered
This man patented the trocar in 1868
Samuel Rogers
This is the main reason many people still opposed or mistrusted embalming moving into the 20th century
The body was considered sacred (sanctity of the body)
("Lack of understanding" is also an acceptable reason)
ICCFA
International Cemetery, Cremation, and Funeral Association
This was one of the only circumstances when a widower was permitted to not wear black while mourning in the first year
Their work required a uniform
This type of product manufacturer found they already had the tools and resources needed to make metal burial cases, and as such began mass producing them.
Stove manufacturers
He was the first individual to not only use modern embalming for burials and funerals, but also to record his methodology.
Dr. William Hunter
This Frenchman's book, "The History of Embalming," would be incredibly important in the development of American embalming, and would be translated into English by Dr. Richard Harlan
Jean Gannal