Bardaracco
Term used to describe situations where a manager has gathered all the facts, done the analysis, but still doesn't know what to do.
Gray Areas
Lawton & Páez argue that ethical leadership operates across three context levels. What are these three social levels?
Individual, Organizational, and Societal
Which form of virtue ethics (traditionally rooted in Aristotle) defines virtues strictly as character traits that enable a human being to achieve eudaimonia (flourishing)?
Eudaimonist Virtue Ethics
Mandela is universally viewed as an ethical leader because his personal character and life story act as a real-world, living guide for what is good. Which form of virtue ethics does this best illustrate?
Agent-Based virtue ethics.
Whose interests must a manager consider beyond just shareholders and employees?
All stakeholders, including vulnerable groups, customers, and the broader community.
What are the three dimensions of leadership defined by the authors?
Leadership in, leadership of, and leadership for.
Describe Agent-Based virtue ethics
It judges actions based on whethet they stem from the internal motives or character traits of an exemplary moral agent.
Mandela's ultimate effort to intentionally unite a completely fractured country around a Shared Democratic Vision is a supreme example of which Lawton & Páez dimension?
Leadership for (pursuing a vital societal goal and creating a profound ethical vision).
Badaracco outlines three classic, long-standing branches of moral philosophy (normative ethics) to guide difficult judgment calls. What are they?
- Utilitarianism
- Deontology
- Virtue Ethics
Which dimension focuses heavily on moral outcomes, macro-level impact, and creating an overarching ethical vision for an entire organization or society?
Leadership for
Which form of virtue ethics suggests that a virtue targets specific spheres of life, meaning a character trait is a virtue if it successfully fits a moral requirement?
Target-Centered virtue ethics
While Mark Zuckerberg’s corporate legacy is often judged by the consequences of Meta’s data algorithms (Consequentialism), Nelson Mandela’s historical legacy is judged by the internal moral character he displayed. Which primary ethical framework prioritizes a leader's character over their rules or outcomes?
Virtue Ethics
Bardaracco suggests a leader needs to answer how many questions to tackle a tough decision?
Five
Leadership in refers to...
An activity fueled by passion, technical curiosity, and internal drive for performance excellence rather than a desire for followers. It is not necesarily concerned about outcomes.
Beyond the rules, what concept discuss in this course allows a leader to perceive the morally important features of a real world situations?
Moral wisdom
Applying Lawton & Páez’s dimensions, Zuckerberg excelled technically at leadership in engineering and software scaling, but critics argue he failed significantly at what macro dimension when it came to democracy and mental health?
Leadership for (failing to protect democratic infrastructure and mental health at a societal level).
What's the last question a leader should ask and what does it entail?
What can I live with?
When evaluating a leader through the lens of a deontological approach, which of the three dimensions does it match best?
Leadership of (it is fundamentally bound to the reciprocal duties and responsibilities between a leader and their followers).
Deontology tells a leader what rules to follow, and Consequentialism tells them what goals to maximize. By contrast, how does Virtue Ethics fundamentally define a leader's primary ethical task?
To focus on "being" a certain type of person rather than just "doing" tasks.
A leader’s character and deeply entrenched dispositions are what determine ethical choices, making the leader's personal moral maturity the foundation for all organizational action.
Badaracco notes that an ethical leader's plan must realistically navigate organizational politics and culture when managing a crisis. When facing public scandals, how does the operational "plan" typically deployed by Zuckerberg differ from the historical approach taken by Mandela?
Zuckerberg’s crisis plans are often corporate, reactive, and legalistic, deploying PR campaigns, policy updates, and institutional apologies to protect organizational stability. Mandela’s crisis plans relied on radical personal transparency, public symbolic gestures, and inviting adversaries directly to the table to build shared trust.