Oncologic Emergencies
A child receiving chemotherapy develops a temperature of 38.5°C (101.3°F) and an ANC of 400.
What is febrile neutropenia?
Low Hgb + fatigue + pallor.
What is anemia?
A child with croup develops stridor.
What is upper airway narrowing from laryngeal edema?
A child with impetigo develops honey-colored lesions around the mouth.
What is preventing spread through hand hygiene and contact precautions?
Barking cough + stridor
What is Croup?
Back pain + lower extremity weakness + urinary retention
What is spinal cord compression?
Platelets 15,000 with petechiae.
What is thrombocytopenia?
A patient with bronchiolitis develops wheezing
What is mucus obstruction and air trapping in the bronchioles?
A patient with suspected meningitis arrives to the ED.
What is initiating IV antibiotics ASAP?
Wheezing + retractions + poor feeding
What is RSV/Bronchiolitis?
A child with ALL develops severe bone pain, pallor, bruising, and fatigue.
What is bone marrow failure causing pancytopenia?
Prolonged PT, prolonged PTT, low fibrinogen, elevated D-dimer.
What is DIC?
A patient with hepatitis has an elevated INR.
What is decreased clotting factor production?
A child with RSV is unable to finish feeds because of respiratory distress.
What is suctioning before feeding?
Whooping cough + post-tussive vomiting
What is pertussis?
A patient with lymphoma suddenly develops hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, and AKI after chemotherapy.
What is tumor lysis syndrome?
A patient with DIC begins oozing blood from IV sites.
What is consumption of clotting factors?
A child with meningitis develops decreased CPP.
What is increased ICP reducing cerebral perfusion pressure?
A patient with septic shock has received fluids but MAP remains low.
What are vasopressors?
RLQ pain + rebound tenderness + fever
What is Appendicitis?
A child with mediastinal lymphoma develops stridor, dyspnea, and jugular venous distention.
What is superior vena cava syndrome?
A septic patient develops widespread clotting followed by uncontrolled bleeding.
What is disseminated intravascular coagulation?
A patient in septic shock has warm flushed skin early in the disease process.
What is systemic vasodilation from the inflammatory response?
A child with appendicitis is awaiting surgery.
What is keeping the patient NPO and administering IV fluids and pain meds?
Fever + murmur + petechiae
What is Endocarditis?