Weapons
Power of the Church
The Crusades
The Other Crusades
Art and Architecture
200
What weapon was used to smash in castle gates?
The battering ram
200
Name one of the two reasons the church was a unifying force in Europe during the Middle Ages.
Monasteries were the only centers of learning
Catholic Christianity was the only religion and almost everyone practiced it
200
What were the Crusades?
Holy wars fought between Europeans and Muslims over Palestine
200
Why did the 4th Crusade end in failure?
Crusaders never made it to Palestine. They looted and robbed Constantinople instead.
200
DAILY DOUBLE!!!
In the 1100's, what new kind of architecture was designed to inspire churchgoers with the grandness of God?
400
What is the difference between a longbow and a crossbow?
Longbow - up to 6 ft long, made for shooting long distances
Crossbow - spring loaded, fires a very fast arrow
400
Why were the sacraments so important to Christians?
The Catholic Church taught that if you did not receive them, you could not go to heaven
400
How did the Pope encourage Europeans to join the 1st Crusade?
He promised them a place in heaven if they went
400
How did the Crusades demonstrate the power of the church?
Thousands answered the church's call to go, including kings and many nobles
400
What characteristic of gothic architecture is seen here?
High, vaulted ceiling
600
What weapon was essentially a metal spike, used to make horses run away or disperse in battle?
The caltrop
600
List all 4 levels of the hierarchy of the Catholic Church (pyramid).
Pope (top)
Bishop/Cardinal
Priest
Churchgoers
600
What Muslim warrior conquered Palestine in the 2nd Crusade, creating the demand for a 3rd Crusade?
Saladin
600
What group in Europe lost power due to the Crusades, and why?
Nobility - they spent their own money to finance armies for the Crusades, most lost their wealth (and thus, power in Europe) due to this.
600
What was the purpose of stained glass art in Middle Ages churches?
To tell Bible stories, since almost all churchgoers could not read
800
DAILY DOUBLE!!!
What weapon was used to help attackers get over a castle wall?
800
What were/are the two sacraments given by the Catholic Church?
Baptism (initiation into membership)
Communion (taking the bread/wafer and wine to remember Jesus' death)
800
What event sparked the Crusades?
The Muslims destroyed an important Christian church in Palestine (where Jesus was thought to be crucified)
800
What was the Children's Crusade, and why was it an epic fail?
An army of 30,000 children believed God was calling them to fight a Crusade and left home. Most froze, starve, many others caught and sold into slavery
800
What characteristic of gothic architecture is seen here?
Grand, tall designs
1000
What is this weapon called?
A trebuchet
1000
Describe how either "excommunication" or "interdict" were used to control churchgoers.
Excommunication - kicked out of church membership
Interdict - withholding the sacraments from a churchgoer
Either would mean that the Christian has "lost" his/her salvation
1000
What English King was relatively successful in the 3rd Crusade?
Richard the Lion-hearted
1000
What new class began gaining a lot of power due to the Crusades, and why?
The merchants. New trade routes were opened up to Asia (previously controlled by the Muslims), they profited off trade
1000
Name two characteristics of gothic architecture seen here.
Pointed arches
Ornate/decorative designs