CP
development of myocardial necrosis caused by local ischemia
myocardial infarction (MI)
main functions of the lymphatic system
regulate fluid balance and assist with infection control
warm redness of the skin over the palms, also called liver palms
palmar erythema
solid piece of material that forms in the kidney from substances in the urine
renal calculi aka kidney stones
most common GI problems in older adults
constipation, incontinence, and diverticular disease
in cor pulmonale, which side of heart has developed hypertrophy?
right ventricle develops hypertrophy
two types of lymphedema?
primary(10% of all cases) and secondary (acquired)
abnormal development of bone, can occur in all forms of cholestasis and hepatocellular disease.
Hepatic osteodystrophy
risk factors for CKD?
DM, HTN, CVD, and obesity
Gut immune system has what percent of the body's immune cells
70 - 80%
what is the normal percentage of blood that is pumped out of ventricles with each contraction
normal is 55-70%
what stage of lymphedema is this? pitting edema, greatly or completely reduces with elevation, and no secondary changes
stage 1, reversible
what should be avoided when the liver is compromised
intense exercise
RBC's and protein may be excreted in the urine in people who have this disease and toxins may be retained in body.
Glomerular diseases.
10x more of this bacteria than actual cells in present in the body.
Commencal bacteria
abnormally dilated, tortuous veins produced by prolonged, intraluminal pressure with loss of vessel wall support
varicose veins
what is the lab value of hyperchloremia and what does it signify
chloride, this is a critically high value because its >115 (trending upwards) and can signify hypertension and tachycardia and should monitor LOC
most common cause of cirrhosis of liver in the U.S.
Alcoholic liver disease
Protein in urine but not blood and is caused by diabetes
Proteineria
abnormal veins that occur in the lower part of the esophagus
esophageal varices
give all the categories and levels of HTN
Normal: <120 and <80
Pre-hypertensive: 120-129 and <80
Stage 1 (silent killer): 130 -139 or 80-89
Stage 2: greater than or equal to 140 or greater than or equal to 90
Hypertensive Crisis: greater than or equal to 180 and/or >120
what lab value signifies high risk of cardiac failure/death
critically low value of hematocrit which is <15%
inflammation of the bile ducts
Acute cholangitis
some people with this syndrome have a constant urge to pass urine even after they went pee
Interstitial cystitis
new and abnormal growths of tissues in the body
Neoplasms