GI & Hepatology
First line treatment of mild ulcerative colitis
5-ASA (eg. Mesalamine)
Treatment for chronic acidosis in CKD
Sodium bicarbonate (goal >=22)
A diagnosis of obstructive airway disease (Asthma/COPD) requires this abnormal value on PFTs
FEV1/FVC <0.7 (or LLN)
Endothelial Injury, Circulatory Stasis and Hypercoagulability form ______.
Virchow's triad
Name a medication that belongs in the non-dihydropyridine CCB class
Verapamil or Diltiazem
An uncommon cause of upper GI bleed that is associated with large hiatal hernia
Cameron's lesion
A form of AKI that is associated with prolonged ischemia or nephrotoxin exposure
Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN)
Treatment of severe COPD not controlled with triple inhaler therapy in order to reduce exacerbations
Azithromycin
New onset of pancytopenia in an adult patient with peripheral blood smear showing blasts is concerning for _____.
Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
TCA overdose in a patient with QRS >100 msec is managed by giving IV _____.
Sodium bicarbonate
Three physical exam findings of extra-intestinal manifestations of IBD
Arthropathy - Inflammatory Arthritis / Ankylosing Spondylitis
Dermatological - Erythema Nodosum / Pyoderma Gangrenosum
Ocular - Uveitis / Scleritis
Indications for acute hemodialysis
Acidosis / Electrolytes (K+) / Ingestions / Volume Overload / Uremia
Three causes of Group I Pulmonary Hypertension
Idiopathic
Connective tissue disease (eg. Scleroderma)
Drugs/Toxin
Polycythemia vera is most often characterized by a mutation in ____.
JAK2
This particular DOAC requires administration with food
Rivaroxaban (Xarelto)
A patient suspected of having Zollinger-Ellison syndrome should have initial evaluation with ____.
Fasting serum gastrin level (>10 ULN) and gastric pH <2
SLE is a secondary cause of this disease that results in nephrotic syndrome
Membranous Nephropathy
Name any ONE of the criteria for a complicated parapneumonic effusion
Fluid pH of <7.20, Fluid glucose of <3.3 mmol/L, Fluid LDH >3x serum LDH, positive gram stain / C+S
Risk of recurrence of unprovoked PE in 5 years time (off of indefinite anticoagulation)
30%
Type of carbapenem that does not cover Pseudomonas
Ertapenem
A non-invasive way to rule out varices in a patient with cirrhosis
Fibroscan score <20 KPa and Platelets >150
Immune complex mediated glomerulonephritis associated with normal C3/C4 levels
IgA nephropathy / HSP
Bilateral hilar adenopathy, migrating arthralgias and erythema nodosum is characteristic of _____ syndrome.
Lofgren's
Three autoantibodies involved in Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome (APLS)
Anti-cardiolipin
Anti-B2 glycoprotein
Lupus anticoagulant
Heparin binds to this molecule in our body in order to inactivate factor IIa and Xa
Antithrombin III