Components of Blood
Which is the most abundant formed element?
erythrocyte
What does it mean when agglutination occurs?
a person has the antigen that the antibody in the antiserum destroys
What depolarizes first in the heart, starting the process of a heart beat?
SA node
What is the first phase of the cardiac cycle?
ventricular filling
Which vessel is known as the "resistance" vessel?
artery
What does it mean when a hemoglobin is saturated?
one oxygen binds each iron; four oxygen molecules per hemoglobin
A person with A+ blood has what antigens/antibodies?
antigens A, D; antibody anti-B
What does it mean if a person is tachycardic?
high BP (over 100 bpm)
When is the "lub" sound made?
AV valves close
arteries lose elasticity and harden
What two molecules are required for DNA replication?
vitamin B12 and folic acid
In general, AB blood can safely donate to what blood type(s)?
AB only
Which has a longer refractory period: skeletal muscle or cardiac muscle?
cardiac muscle
When is the pressure in the ventricles greater than in the arteries?
ventricular ejection
R = (8Lv)/r
length, viscosity, radius
What is the last step in hemostasis?
coagulation
A person with O- blood would be considered what?
universal donor
What does the PQ segment on an ECG represent?
atrial contraction
Describe end diastolic volume.
amount of blood in ventricles after filling
Increased SNS activity means more of what type of vasomotion? How does this affect TPR?
vasoconstriction; increase
Which leukocyte kills bacteria?
neutrophil
In which pregnancy does hemolytic disease of newborn happen?
second pregnancy
List the pathway of electrical conduction.
SA node fires (atria depolarize); atria contract; AV node fires; bundle branches; Purkinje fibers(ventricles depolarize); ventricles contract
If a person's stroke volume is 50 mL and their end diastolic volume is 100 mL, what is the ejection fraction? Is this normal
50/100 *100 = 50%; not normal (54%)
When hydrostatic pressure is high, what is the net movement of water? What is this called?
out into tissues (filtration)