GENERAL
Postmodernism started in this decade.
Early Postmodernism: after WWII
Late Postmodernism: around 1960s
What is organized sound?
Music
Name 2 elements of post-modern music.
atonality/distortion/technology/improvisation/vocal percussion/lack of consistency?
Steve Reich was born in this city.
NYC
This is what MIDI file stands for.
What is Musical Instrument Digital Interface file?
What is the simultaneous sounding of two or more keys?
Polytonality (Charles Ives, Stravinsky)
Distortion was the result of this new method/resource
What is technology/electronic production of music?
Wrote 4'33"
John Cage
How did technology expand the reaches of music?
Easily accessible and more compact. Mass media allowed for everyone to have access to music constantly
Name the era/style/composer?
Arnold Schoenberg (1874-1951): Verklärte Nacht (Transfigured Night / La Nuit transfigurée), Op.4 (1899)
This type of programmatic music asks us/commands us to look inward to the angst and fear lurking in the subconscious mind
Expressionism (Schoenberg, Berg)
Music that relies on chance or external events to determine details of the composition.
Chance or Aleatoric
Steve Reich pioneered this concept of repeated musical gestures played in unison, where the parts gradually change, until they start to sound out of sync with each other.
Phasing
Which form of entertainment in the 20th century was seen as "saving" classical music?
Cinema
What was music that lacks a tonal center called?
Atonality
This American composer developed a Postmodernistic minimalist style that blends classical with popular styles. He wrote "a Short ride in a Fast machine".
John Adams
Added objects to strings, such as bands, clips, and tumblers.
John Cage (Prepared Piano)
style of composition where outlines are blurred via harmonic ambiguity, usually used whole-tone.
Impressionism
Strict obedience to a pattern that prevents a tonal center where all 12 pitches must be used exactly once in a sequence so that each pitch is played an equal number of times throughout the piece
Serialism
Early form of "Found Sound", this music works directly with sounds recorded on magnetic tape, not musical notation and performers.
musique concrete
George Crumb viewed this as a significant part of music.
silence