Forces and Motion
The change in an object's position over time is known as?
Motion
Explain Newtons First Law
an object at rest will stay at rest, and an object in motion will stay in motion with the same velocity (speed and direction) unless acted upon by a net external force
A 20 kg box is pushed with an acceleration of 2 m/s². Using Newton’s Second Law, calculate the force applied to the box.
40 N (F = m × a → 20 × 2 = 40 N)
What is a force?
Push or a pull
What is the SI unit for force?
Newton
What type of force resists motion between surfaces?
Friction
Describe Newton’s Third Law
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
Two students push a desk. One pushes with 50 N to the right, and the other also pushes with 50 N to the right. Calculate the net force and state which direction the desk moves.
100, to the right
The force that attracts a body toward the center of the earth.
Gravity
Which is known as the law of interia
first law
What happens when forces are balanced?
No change in motion
What is the formula for Newton’s Second Law
F = m × a
Two students push a desk from opposite sides. One pushes with 80 N to the right, and the other with 30 N to the left. Calculate the net force and state which direction the desk moves.
50N to the right
The rate at which velocity changes. It can involve a change in speed, direction, or both.
Acceleration
The combination of all the forces acting on that object.
Net Force
How does an object’s mass affect its acceleration if the same force is applied?
The greater the mass, the smaller the acceleration — heavier objects need more force to accelerate at the same rate.
Give an example of the first law of motion
multiple examples accepted, such as a person in a car breaks abruptly and the person in the vehicle falls forward
The value of gravitational acceleration on Earth's surface is approximately
9.8 m/s²
The distance an object travels in a certain amount of time is known as?
Speed
What two things must be known to describe velocity?
Speed and direction
Give an example of a non-contact force
Gravity, magnetism, or electrical force
Give an example of Newton’s Third Law in action.
multiple examples can be accepted, for example A skateboarder pushing backward causes the skateboard to move forward. Or a rocket launching up
A 4 kg soccer ball is kicked with a force of 8 N. What is the ball’s acceleration?
4 m/s² (a = F ÷ m → 8 ÷ 4 = 2 m/s²)
Something is compared to or dependent on another object or frame.
Relative
How does mass affect inertia?
The greater the mass, the greater the inertia.