Introduction to Motion
His teachings dominated scientific thought for almost 2000 years
Aristotle
This principle states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
Newton's third law of motion
This is the attractive force that exists between any two bodies and is caused by their mass
gravitational force
SI unit of work
joule
Term for devices used to multiply force for the purpose of doing work
machines
He discovered the laws of motion and gravitation, laying the foundation for much of modern physical science
Isaac Newton
F = ma
Newton's second law of motion
The velocity at which air resistance stops a falling object from accelerating
terminal velocity
This is the transfer of energy from one object to another by a force
work
DAILY DOUBLE
Name the forms of assistance that a simple machine can provide.
The branches of physics discovered before 1900 are together called this
classical physics
This law states that the force required to accelerate an object at a certain rate equals the object's mass times its desired acceleration
second law of motion
The center-seeking force that causes an object to travel in a curved path
centripetal force
W=fd
calculating energy transferred from one object to another by force
A measure of how much help a machine provides
mechanical advantage
This type of quantity consists of only a magnitude and has no direction
scalar
DAILY DOUBLE
Explain each of Newton's three laws of motion.
FW = mg
the weight of an object found using Newton's second law and gravity
The rate of doing work
power
A good way to increase the efficiency of a machine would be to reduce this
friction of the machine
This is any mathematical quantity that has both magnitude and direction
vector
This law relates an object's force, mass, and acceleration
second law of motion
d = 1/2 gt2
the relationship between free fall distance and the acceleration of gravity
P = W/t
the rate of doing work
The measure of how well a machine converts input work to output work
efficiency