Motivation Theories
What theory explains that behaviors help maintain homeostasis by reducing physiological needs?
Drive-Reduction Theory
What hormone increases hunger signals to the brain?
Ghrelin
What hypothesis suggests that our facial expressions can influence our emotions?
Facial-Feedback Hypothesis
Name two emotions that are believed to be universally recognized across cultures.
Anger, disgust, sadness, happiness, surprise, fear
Why is it important to apply psychological perspectives when analyzing a scenario?
It helps understand behavior through various lenses like biological, cognitive, etc.
According to arousal theory, what law explains the relationship between arousal levels and performance?
Yerkes-Dodson Law
What part of the brain regulates hunger and satiety?
Hypothalamus
What does the broaden-and-build theory propose about positive emotions?
They expand awareness and encourage creativity and problem-solving.
What are "display rules" in emotional expression?
Cultural norms that regulate how emotions are expressed in different societies.
What is a key ethical concern when researching emotions and motivation?
Ensuring participants’ emotional well-being and avoiding psychological harm.
What theory suggests that motivation comes from both internal (intrinsic) and external (extrinsic) factors?
Self-Determination Theory
Besides biological factors, name two external factors that influence eating behavior.
Time of day, social setting, availability of food, cultural influences, etc.
How do theories of emotion differ in explaining the relationship between physiological responses and emotions?
Some theories propose emotions follow bodily responses, others say they occur simultaneously, or require cognitive appraisal.
How do social norms influence emotional expression based on gender?
Different expectations exist for how men and women express emotions.
How can experimental methodology help in studying emotion?
It allows researchers to control variables and determine cause-effect relationships.
What are the three types of motivational conflicts proposed by Lewin?
Approach-Approach, Avoidance-Avoidance, Approach-Avoidance
How does belongingness serve as a motivational factor in human behavior?
Humans have an innate need for social connections that affect emotions, decisions, and mental health.
Why is the universality of emotions debated in psychology?
Some research supports universal emotions, but cultural differences in expression challenge this idea.
How might socioeconomic status affect emotional expression?
People from different classes may have different expectations about displaying emotions in social interactions.
What type of research method might be used to study motivation outside of a lab setting?
Observational studies, surveys, case studies.