Motivation Basics
This term describes the internal state that directs behavior toward a goal.
What is motivation?
This hormone is secreted by fat cells to decrease eating.
What is leptin?
This theory says emotions result from bodily responses first.
What is the James-Lange theory?
These are universal emotions shared across cultures.
What are primary emotions?
The motivation to reach one’s full potential.
What is self-actualization?
According to Maslow, Natalie marrying for safety shows motivation by this level of need.
What is safety?
This hormone comes from an empty stomach to trigger hunger.
What is ghrelin?
This theory says emotion and bodily response happen simultaneously.
What is the Cannon-Bard theory?
Jealousy is classified as this type of emotion.
What is a secondary emotion?
This theory distinguishes between doing something for enjoyment vs. reward.
What is the intrinsic vs. extrinsic motivation distinction?
This law predicts an upside-down-U relationship between arousal and performance.
What is the Yerkes-Dodson law?
The brain area most responsible for feeling hunger and fullness.
What is the hypothalamus?
This theory says emotion depends on how we label physiological arousal.
What is the Two-factor theory?
Rules learned through culture that dictate which emotions can be shown.
What are display rules?
The expectation that effort will lead to success.
What is self-efficacy?
People who seek thrill because they need more stimulation are called this.
Who are high sensation seekers?
Brand Z’s salted water made people drink more due to this theory.
What is drive reduction?
Smiling makes you feel happier—supports this hypothesis.
What is the facial feedback hypothesis?
Thinking about a failure in a neutral way is this regulation strategy.
What is positive reappraisal?
The ability to postpone immediate rewards for long-term goals
What is delay of gratification?
The principle stating we are motivated to seek pleasure and avoid pain.
What is the pleasure principle?
Eating because food looks good rather than hunger is driven by these cues.
What are external cues?
You see a bear, freeze, then realize it’s plastic—shows this pathway
What are the fast and slow paths to the amygdala?
Trying not to think about negative emotions can backfire because of this effect.
What is the rebound effect?
This trait combines passion and persistence toward goals despite setbacks.
What is grit?