Motivation Process and Work Values
What is the basic individual work motivation process?
1. Unsatisfied needs
2. Goal directed behaviour to satisfy needs
3. Reinforcement / Punishment
4. Continue or stop behaviours;Stay or leave the organisation
According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which is the first need that must be met before an individual can progress to any higher level needs?
A. Social Need (Love & Belonging)
B. Safety Need
C. Physiological Need
C. Physiological Need
According to Vroom's Expectancy Theory, what factors influence an individual's motivation to perform a task?
Expectancy, Instrumentality, and Valence
List 5 issues that might influence motivation
Role of Hierarchy, Individual and group centred action, Relationship with the surrounding environment, Time and work patterns, Uncertainty, predictability and social control
What term describes the degree to which work is seen as an obligation or duty to society?
Work obligation norms
List 3 Content based theories
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, ERG Theory, Herzberg’s Motivator-Hygiene Theory
List 3 Process based theories
Vroom's Expectancy Theory, Adams' Equity Theory and Skinner's Reinforcement Theory
In hierarchical cultures, what types of rewards would be more motivating for staff?
A. Intrinsic Rewards
B. Extrinsic Rewards
B. Extrinsic Rewards
What are the two different types of work values and explain them
Extrinsic work values - Preferences for security aspects of jobs such as income and job security
Intrinsic work values - Preference for openness to change job aspects such as autonomy, being able to take initiative and be creative
According to the ERG theory, what are the 3 core needs individuals need to seek to satisfy?
Growth, Relatedness, Existence
According to Vroom's Expectancy Theory, what does "instrumentality" refer to?
A. The belief that effort will lead to performance
B. The belief that performance will lead to rewards
C. The value of the rewards to the individual
B. The belief that performance will lead to rewards
Would Indonesian employees prefer -
A. An workplace where they can grow and climb the corporate ladder
B. A work place that is stagnant and has no room for growth
A. An workplace where they can grow and climb the corporate ladder
Annisa is an Australian employee looking for a job in Indonesia, she prefers to find a job with high job security and does not care much about being creative at work. What type of work values does Annisa have?
A. Extrinsic work values
B. Intrinsic work values
A. Extrinsic work values
How does Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs categorize human needs?
a) Into two categories: motivators and hygiene factors
b) Into three categories: existence, relatedness, and growth
c) Into five categories, arranged in a hierarchical order
d) Into four categories: physical, emotional, social, and cognitive
c) Into five categories, arranged in a hierarchical order
Which type of reinforcement is extinction?
A. When new behaviours add positive consequences
B. When new behaviours remove negative consequences
C. When new behaviours add negative consequences
D. When new behaviours remove positive consequences
D. When new behaviours remove positive consequences
Ben is an Indonesian employee, which scenario would demotivate ?
A. The company he is working at rewards and recognise the long service commitment of employees
B. There is a strict deadline for projects as well as excessive work loads
C. Managers the organisation have a great relationship with Ben
B. There is a strict deadline for projects as well as excessive work loads
Which of the following best represents an intrinsic work value?
A. A high salary
B. Job Security
C. Autonomy and personal growth
C.Autonomy and personal growth
Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept of Equity Theory in the workplace?
A. Employee A, who works longer hours and takes on more responsibilities, receives the same salary and benefits as Employee B, who has a similar job role but contributes less effort.
B. Employee C receives a promotion and a significant salary increase after consistently exceeding performance expectations, while Employee D, who performs equally well, receives no recognition or reward.
C. Employee E is satisfied with their job because they enjoy the work itself, regardless of the monetary rewards or recognition they receive.
D. Employee F compares their job satisfaction to that of their colleagues and adjusts their level of effort and performance accordingly to maintain a sense of fairness.
A.Employee A, who works longer hours and takes on more responsibilities, receives the same salary and benefits as Employee B, who has a similar job role but contributes less effort.
What strategy would be most efficient to motivate an Indonesian staff?
A. Setting deadlines to their projects
B. Create more competitive incentives
C. Implementing a pluralist work culture
C. Implementing a pluralist work culture