Equity Theory
Expectancy Theory
Operant Conditioning
Positive Reinforcement
?
100
The equity theory explains how _______ _______ motivate individual behavior.
Social comparisons
100
People must believe they are capable of performing a task (self-efficacy) in order to have ______ ______.
High expectancies
100
Operant conditioning influences _______ by controlling its consequences.
Behavior
100
Positive reinforcement connects positive behavior with ________ consequences.
Pleasant
100
The goal-setting theory states that well-chosen and well-set _______ can be motivating.
Goals
200
A perceived _________ inequity occurs when an individual feels guilt over benefitting from unfair treatment.
Positive
200
The belief that successful performance leads to rewards is called _____________.
Instrumentality
200
The _______ _______ _______ states that people repeat behavior that results in a pleasant outcome, but avoid behavior that results in an unpleasant outcome.
Law of Effect
200
The law of ________ reinforcement states that you should deliver a reward as soon as possible after the desired behavior occurs.
Immediate
200
In the clip from The Office, how many push-ups does Michael do?
25 and 1 girl push-up
300
According to the equity theory, personal rewards are compared to _______ _______.
Others' rewards
300
Complete the expectancy theory equation. Motivation = Expectancy x Instrumentality x ____________
Valence
300
__________ created the concept of operant conditioning.
B.F. Skinner
300
The law of contingent reinforcement states that you should only deliver a reward when _______ _______ occurs.
Desired behavior
300
Denying a reward is an example of what operant conditioning technique?
Punishment
400
A perceived _________ occurs when the individual is comfortable and satisfied with the situation.
Equity
400
The expectancy theory was defined by _____________.
Victor Vroom
400
________ decreases the frequency or eliminates undesirable behavior by making the removal of a pleasant consequence contingent on its occurrence.
Extinction
400
The positive reinforcement of successive approximations to the desired behavior is referred to as ________.
Shaping
400
In the clip from The Office, what is the second reward that Michael offers?
They get to go home.
500
The equity theory of motivation is best known through the work of ________________.
J. Stacy Adams
500
In the clip from The Office, Meredith asks Michael what reward they would get for completing the push-ups. What was the reward? (This is the first reward he offers.)
His respect
500
In the clip from The Big Bang Theory, Sheldon is using what operant conditioning technique to train Penny?
Positive reinforcement
500
In the clip from The Big Bang Theory, Leonard says to Sheldon that he can't train his girlfriend like a ______ ______.
Lab rat
500
You are always late to work, and your boss nags at you every time. For once, you actually come in on time, and your boss says nothing. This is an example of _______ _______.
Negative reinforcement (avoidance of an unpleasant consequence if desirable behavior is exhibited)
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