The processes that energize, direct, and sustain behavior.
100
What is Extrinsic Motivation?
The external motivation to do something to obtain something else (a means to an end).
100
What is attribution theory?
Individuals are motivated to discover the underlying causes of their own performance and behavior.
100
What is helpless orientation?
A response to challenges and difficulties in which the individual feels trapped by the difficulty and attributes the difficulty to lack of ability.
200
What are the four perspectives of Motivation?
Behavioral, humanistic, cognitive, and social.
200
What is Intrinsic Motivation?
The internal motivation to do something for its own sake (an end in itself).
200
What are attributions?
Perceived causes of outcomes.
200
What is mastery orientation?
A task-oriented response to difficult or challenging circumstances that focuses on learning strategies and the process of achievement rather than the outcome.
300
What are the two types of Motivation?
Extrinsic and intrinsic motivation.
300
Researchers have found that students' internal interest and _______ motivation in school tasks increases when students have some choice and the opportunity to take responsibility for their learning.
Intrinsic
300
What are the three dimensions of casual attributions?
Locus: whether the cause is internal or external to the actor, stability: the extent to which the cause remains the same r changes and, controllability: the extent to which the individual can control the cause.
300
What is performance orientation?
A focus on winning rather than an achievement outcome, success is believed to result from winning.
400
What are the levels of Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
Physiological, safety, love and belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization.
400
Many psychologists and educators stress that it is important for children to develop greater internalization and _________ motivation as they grow older
Intrinsic
400
Name three things a teacher can do to help students change their attributions?
1. Help them concentrate on the task at hand
2. Help them cope with failures
3. Help them attribute their failures to lack of effort rather than lack of ability
400
What is mindset?
Refers to the cognitive view individuals develop for themselves; individuals have two mindsets: 1. fixed or 2. growth.