Neuroplasticity Principles
Neural pathways weaken when they are not activated.
What is use-it-or-lose-it?
Feedback about movement quality.
What is Knowledge of Performance (KP)?
Skills performed in stable environments.
What are closed skills?
Excess glutamate damages neurons after injury.
What is glutamate excitotoxicity?
Step involving identification of left vs. right limbs.
What is motor imagery?
First learning stage focused on understanding the task.
What is the cognitive stage?
Adaptations occur only in circuits actively engaged in training.
What is specificity?
Feedback about movement outcome.
What is Knowledge of Results (KR)?
Skills performed in changing environments.
What are open skills?
Increased permeability leading to inflammatory infiltration.
What is blood–brain barrier disruption?
Imagining movement without physically performing it.
What is motor imagery?
Stage focused on refining movement and reducing errors.
What is the associative stage?
Frequent practice strengthens synaptic connections.
What is repetition matters?
Sensory feedback naturally available to the performer.
What is intrinsic feedback?
Tasks classified as transport vs. non-transport refer to this component.
What is body transport?
Formation of new blood vessels after injury.
What is angiogenesis?
Viewing the healthy limb reflection as the affected limb moving.
What is mirror therapy?
Stage where performance becomes automatic.
What is the autonomous stage?
Meaningful, goal-directed tasks produce stronger plasticity.
What is salience?
External feedback added by a coach or device.
What is extrinsic (augmented) feedback?
Standing on one foot challenges this task variable.
What is body stability?
Nearby intact axons sprout new branches to reinnervate areas.
What is collateral sprouting?
Imagery perspective seeing movement from inside your body.
What is visual internal imagery?
Practice style with fast gains but poor retention.
What is blocked practice?
Enriched surroundings increase plasticity potential.
What is environment matters?
Feedback given only when performance deviates beyond an acceptable range.
What is bandwidth feedback?
Using a racket vs. no equipment relates to this category.
What is object manipulation?
Long-term cortical map shifts over weeks to months.
✅ What is cortical reorganization?
Imagining the feel or sound of movement.
What is aesthetic imagery?
Practice style best for retention and transfer.
What is random practice?