The Vocal Tract
These structures vibrate to produce a disturbance of air molecules which create a sound wave
What are the vocal folds (vocal cords)
Dysarthria is a motor speech disorder in which what is impaired?
What is motor execution?
This type of motor speech disorder results after a person has developed normal speech and then suffered damage to brain or nerve pathways responsible for motor p/p or execution
What is an Acquired MSD
The medical term for "swallowing"
What is deglutition
These devices include supporting different forms of communication other than oral language and are used to express thoughts, needs, wants, and ideas- (both high and low tech).
What are augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) devices?
This is the opening between the velum and pharyngeal wall
What is the velopharyngeal port
There are different types of dysarthria based on the different areas of this system that control motor execution for speech
What is the nervous system
This type of MSD has its onset in childhood before the areas of the nervous system for p/p or motor execution have fully developed
What is a Developmental MSD
This is caused by insufficient closure of the velopharyngeal port
What is nasal regurgitation
The professional involved in maintaining a patient's nutrition and oversees food/nutrition services in acute and longer-term care settings
Who is a Registered Dietician
The vocal tract is part of this body system
What is the phonatory system?
This is a common stigma associated with the diagnosis of dysarthria
What is an intellectual disability
A person with apraxia of speech has difficulty sequencing these, especially in more longer, more complex words
What are speech sounds
The phase of swallowing when the bolus reaches the back of the tongue and the swallow reflex is triggered
What is a pharyngeal phase
In EBP, it's the "P"
What is Practice
In the vocal tract, the soft palate is also known as this
What is the velum
A type of dysarthria characterized by excessive muscle tone, reduced respiratory support and control for speech and strained or harsh voice quality.
What is spastic dysarthria
This technique involves intoning/singing words/phrases with the client with the goal of the client repeating the words/phrases while fading out the intoning/singing
What is MIT (Melodic Intonation Therapy)
This can occur during the swallowing process when a patient has a delayed or absent swallow reflex
Choking or risk of aspiration
In the communication process, speaking is part of this domain?
What is transmission
The vocal folds sit inside the largest cartilage of the larynx which is called this
What is the Thyroid cartilage
This type of dysarthria is characterized by uncoordinated movements, irregular respiratory patterns, hoarse or breathy voice quality and irregular pitch and loudness changes
What is Ataxic Dysarthria
This is a measure of speech clarity
What is intelligibility
The substance added to food and liquid during a clinical swallowing assessment that allows the bolus to be visible on an xray.
What is barium
In the EBP model of treatment for MSDs, this is at the bottom - representing the needs for SLPs to have a thorough knowledge of the relevant treatment literature in order to provide optimal therapies
What is External Scientific Evidence