Earth's Layers
This layer covers Earth’s surface and is its thinnest layer.
Crust
This is where plates meet.
Plate Boundaries.
Complete this sentence: Even though mountain are nonliving, they can still ________ and ________.
Grow & shrink
Get taller/bigger & Get shorter/smaller
Name the two types of volcanic eruptions.
Effusive & explosive
Earthquakes happen at ________ on either side of a plate boundary.
Faults
This is Earth's hottest layer.
Inner Core (acceptable: Core)
Complete this sentence: Earth's surface is constantly changing because tectonic plates are constantly ________________.
Moving or Shifting
Most mountain ranges are formed at this type of plate boundary.
Convergent
Places where volcanoes form far away from plate boundaries are called _____________.
Hot spots
A normal fault occurs when the rock above the fault moves in this direction.
Downward
This layer is both solid and liquid.
Mantle
Plates slide past each other at this type of plate boundary.
Transform
Mountains "shrink" when _________ outpaces the rate of "growth."
Erosion
The repeated rising and cooling of magma at this type of plate boundary can create a volcano.
Divergent
Name the 3 primary effects of earthquakes.
Ground shaking
Liquefaction
Landslides, Mudslides, & Avalanches
This layer is made of liquid metal.
Outer Core
Subduction can happen at this type of plate boundary.
Convergent
Most mountains that form at divergent boundaries are actually these.
Volcanoes
This type of volcano forms when layers of lava, volcanic ash, and fragmented rocks from past eruptions build up over time. (Hint! it is the tallest type of volcano.)
Stratovolcano
The energy from an earthquake is released as these.
Seismic waves
Crust and Upper Mantle
This geological process, which occurs at divergent boundaries, is where new oceanic crust is created.
Seafloor spreading
Describe how mountains can be formed at transform boundaries.
When plates sideswipe and grind against each other, fragments of the plates can get broken off and pushed upwards.
The Hawaiian Islands are made of these types of volcanoes.
Shield Volcanoes.
An earthquake occurs when the ________ at a fault overcomes the _________ acting against it.
Stress (or pressure) & friction