Nouns and Adjectives
Define a noun and adjective.
A noun is a person, place, thing, or idea.
An adjective is a word used to describe a noun.
A verb is an action word.
An adverb is a word used to describe a verb.
Define a subject and predicate of a sentence.
The subject is what (or whom) the sentence is about. (noun)
The predicate tells something about the subject. (verb)
Explain the four comma rules we have learned about.
1. day of the month, year (dates)
2. city/town, state (addresses)
3. to separate 3 or more words in a series (lists)
4. with quotation marks to separate dialogue with tagline or with quotation marks to note a quotation from a text
Where does the prefix and suffix go in a word?
Prefix- beginning of the word
Suffix- end of the word
Copy the sentence below on your whiteboard. Then write n. above the nouns, adj. above the adjectives, and draw an arrow from the adjective to the noun
The movie was playing at the new theater in town.
Nouns: movie, theater, town
Adjective: new (describes theater)
Change the adjective in the parentheses into an adverb and identify the verb it describes in the sentence below:
Ms. Zilli waited (patient) for her trip to the library.
Adverb: patiently
The adverb describes the verb: waited
Indicate whether the sentence fragment below is a subject or predicate. Then correct the sentence fragment by rewriting it as a complete sentence on your whiteboard.
Fragment: The fourth grade class
The fragment is a: subject or predicate
The fragment is a: subject
Corrected Sentence: The fourth grade class worked together to build the Lego castle.
For the sentence below, insert commas and quotation marks in the appropriate locations.
A volcano according to the text is a hill or mountain that forms over a crack in Earth’s crust from which lava erupts.
"A volcano," according to the text, "is a hill or mountain that forms over a crack in Earth's crust from which lava erupts."
What do the prefixes un- and non- mean?
Un- and non- means "not"
Copy the sentence below on your whiteboard. Then write n. above the nouns, adj. above the adjectives, and draw an arrow from the adjective to the noun.
After the storm, the roads were covered with wet, heavy snow.
nouns: storm, roads, snow
adjectives: wet and heavy (describes snow)
Change the adjective in the parentheses into an adverb and identify the verb it describes in the sentence below:
The kitten purred (soft) while Mr. H held it in his lap.
Adverb: softly
The adverb describes the verb: purred
Punctuate the following sentences on your whiteboard according to the sentence type provided.
1. Exclamatory: I am getting chicken wings today
2. Imperative: Please line up quietly in number order
3. Declarative: Ms. Zilli enjoys chocolate ice cream
4. Interrogative: What type of candy is your favorite
1. I am getting chicken wings today!
2. Please line up quietly in number order.
3. Ms. Zilli enjoys chocolate ice cream.
4. What type of candy is your favorite?
For each sentence below, insert commas and quotation marks in the appropriate locations.
1. I wonder he said if we’ll get to play outside today.
2. What do you think she asked about seeing a movie this weekend?
1. "I wonder", he said, "if we'll get to play outside today."
2. "What do you think," she asked, "about seeing a movie this weekend?"
Write a sentence using the word patriarch.
The patriarch of the family is usually the oldest man in the group.
Complete the sentences below by choosing two adjectives from the ones provided and writing them in the correct order in the blanks.
1. Adjectives: office, brick, new, tall
We climbed up the stairs of the _________, __________building.
2. Adjectives: enormous, Italian, attractive, ancient
It was an _____________, _______________city.
1. Order: tall, new, brick, office
Ex.
We climbed up the stairs of the tall, office building.
2. Order: attractive, enormous, ancient, Italian
Ex.
It was an attractive, Italian city.
Write a sentence using the verb and adverb provided.
Verb: ran
Adverb: quickly
Ex.
The students ran quickly around the track to reach the free squishies.
Determine the sentence type of each of the following sentences. (declarative, interrogative, imperative, exclamatory)
1. What is Mr. H's favorite animal?
2. Hand in your homework into the correct slots.
3. I'm going to Disney World this summer!
4. Peanut butter cups are Ms. Volkert's favorite type of candy.
1. interrogative
2. imperative
3. exclamatory
4. declarative
On your whiteboard, write sentences for each of the following items. Be sure to use correct capitalization and punctuation. Each sentence should include at least one comma in the correct location.
1. Write a sentence containing three items in a series.
2. Write a sentence containing a date.
3. Write a sentence containing a city and state.
Ex.
1. The fourth grade students in Ms. Zilli's and Ms. Volkert's class are learning about fractions, inventions, and the Haudenosaunee.
2. Today's date is February 14, 2023.
3. The Onondaga Nation is close to Syracuse, New York.
Write the correct word to compete each sentence. You may need to add -s, -ed, or -ing to make the word correctly fit in the sentence.
endanger, enlarge, entangle, enclose
1. My father built a fence to _________ our yard so our dog wouldn't run away.
2. When the two puppies on leashes ran around one another, their leashes became _________.
3. A quick-moving avalanche of snow can ________ the lives of anyone in its path.
4. The balloon became ________ when it was filled with helium.
1. enclose
2. entangled
3. endanger
4. enlarged
Rewrite the sentence below with correct capitalization and commas. Then write n. above the nouns and adj. above the adjectives. Lastly, draw an arrow from the adjectives to the nouns they describe.
i went to the gigantic zoo in syracuse new york with bob in the middle of august. we saw white tigers grey wolves tiny penguins and huge polar bears.
I went to the gigantic zoo in Syracuse, New York with Bob in middle of August.
Nouns: zoo, Syracuse, New York, Bob, August, tigers, wolves, penguins, polar bears
Adjectives gigantic (describes zoo), white (describes tigers), grey (describes wolves), tiny (describes penguins), huge (describes polar bears)
Copy the sentence below on your whiteboard:
During the morning meeting, Ms. Zilli danced gracefully around the room while Ms. Volkert hopped joyfully.
Then write v. above the verbs, adv. above the adverbs, and draw an arrow from the adverb to the verb it describes.
Verbs: danced, hopped
Adverbs: gracefully (danced), joyfully (hopped)
Rewrite the following run-on sentence as two complete sentences. (Don't forget to use capitals and punctuation.)
Ms. Volkert is looking forward to eating delicious chicken wings after school her favorite flavors are garlic parmesan and honey mustard.
Ms. Volkert is looking forward to eating delicious chicken wings after school. Her favorite flavors are garlic parmesan and honey mustard.
Draw a vertical line to separate the subject and predicate. Underline all the nouns. Draw a squiggly line under all the verbs. Write adj. above all the adjectives and adv. above all the adverbs. Draw an arrow from the adjectives to the nouns they describe in one color, and draw an arrow from the adverbs to the verbs they describe in another color.
The delicious cake baked quickly in the hot oven.
Subject: The delicious cake
Predicate: baked quickly in the hot oven
Nouns: cake, oven
Adjectives: delicious (cake), hot (oven)
Verbs: baked
Adverbs: quickly
Choose the word that best completes the sentences provided. Then identify the part of speech of the word you chose.
1. He _________ walked across the room thanks to his squeaky shoes. (loud, loudly)
The part of speech of the word I chose: _______
2. Mountain building is not a ________ process; it takes many years for mountains to form. (speedy, speedily)
The part of speech of the word I chose: ________
1. loudly
part of speech: adverb (describes the verb walked)
2. speedy
part of speech: adjective (describes the process of mountain building- noun)