Islam
What are the three monotheistic religions founded in the Middle East?
Islam, Judaism, Christianity
What is the hajj?
pilgrimage to Mecca all Muslims must make at least once in their lives
What are two sects of Christianity?
Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox
Who was Mansa Musa?
Emperor of Mali
Who was Genghis Khan?
leader of the Mongol Empire
Mecca
What order were the monotheistic religions founded?
2. Christianity
3. Islam
Roman Catholic
Why did Mansa Musa travel to Mecca?
Hajj
What continent did the Mongol Empire span across?
Asia
What city did Muhammad migrate to after he fled Mecca?
Medina (Yathrib)
Who was Ibn Battuta?
a Muslim traveler who spend 30 years traveling around the Islamic world
Who was Alexis I? How did he contribute to the start of the Crusades?
Alexis was emperor of the Byzantines, he sent a letter/ambassadors to Pope Urban requesting help fighting the Seljuk Turks (Muslims)
How did Mansa Musa's hajj effect the areas he traveled through?
inflation, destabilized economy, helped spread Islam, brought awareness to the vast wealth of Mali Empire
What is a steppe?
an extensive plain, especially one without any trees
What shrine in Mecca was once a polytheistic temple but was rededicated to Allah after Muhammad reclaimed the city?
Kaaba
What do Sunnis and Shiites disagree about? Who believes what?
the successor to Muhammad/ who should lead the caliphate
Sunnis- community of Muslims should decide
Shia- leader should be from the line of Muhammad
What was the purpose of the Council of Clermont?
Speech given by Pope Urban to raise support of the Crusades and to demonize the Muslims
What two resources were abundant in the Mali Empire?
gold and salt
What was Pax Mongolica?
Mongol peace- period of stability and peace under the Mongols
What are three holy sites located in Jerusalem?
Wailing Wall, Church of Holy Sepulchre, Dome of the Rock, Al-Aqsa Mosque
What are the 5 Pillars of Islam?
1. Proclamation of Faith
2. Daily Prayer
3. Charity
4. Hajj
5. Fasting
What were two major motivations for fighting in the Crusades?
- absolved of sins
- entry into heaven
- wealth + glory
What was the capital city of the Mali Empire?
Timbuktu
How did Pax Mongolica impact Europe and the Middle East?
new technology such as paper and printing made its way across Asia into the M.E. and Europe as a result of increased trade along the Silk Roads