People/ Acts 1
Who is this describing?
Was a radio priest from Detroit. His broadcasts were called the “Golden Hour of the Little Flower.” He claimed there was an international bankers conspiracy and Jews were responsible. He advocated nationalization of banking and currency and national resources and demanded a “living wage.”
Father Charles Coughlin
What is this describing?:
Purpose: reform
Gave money to states for aid to dependent children, established unemployment insurance through payroll deduction, set up old-age pensions for retirees.
Social Security Act
In his inaugural address, he said “___ ____ _____ __ ____ __ ____ __ ____ ______….”
He promised vigorous leadership and bold action, called for discipline and cooperation, expressed his faith in democracy, and asked for divine protection and guidance.
"The only thing we have to fear is fear itself…."
What is this describing?
Political Position: conservative
Primary aim: economic recovery
Philosophy: economic nationalism and economic scarcity (i.e., raise prices by creating the illusion of scarcity)
Objectives: higher prices for agriculture and business
First New Deal (1933-1934)
In the 1932 presidential election, FDR was perceived as a ______ ____ ____________.
Whereas Hoover was viewed as a “__-_______ president”
Man of Action
Do-Nothing
What is this describing?:
Purpose: reform
Put restraints on employers and set up a board to protect the rights of organized labor to bargain collectively with employers.
National Labor Relations Act
What is this describing?:
Purpose: recovery of industry
Created a partnership of business, labor, and government to attack the depression with such measures as price controls, high wages, and codes of fair competition
NRA - National Recovery Act
What was the purpose of Relief?:
To provide jobs for the unemployed and to protect farmers from foreclosure
What are the three R's of the New Deal?
Recovery, Reform, and Relief
In March 1933, the country was virtually ___________ and the banking system had _________.
Leaderless; Collapsed
What is this describing?:
Purpose: recovery and reform
Used federal funds to tear down slums and construct better homes for the American people.
U.S. Housing Authority
What is this describing?:
Purpose: the recovery of agriculture
Paid farmers who agreed to reduce production of basic crops such as cotton, wheat, tobacco, hogs, and corn
Money came from a tax on processors such as flour millers and meat packers who passed the cost on to the consumer
First Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)
What was the purpose of Recovery?:
To get the economy back into high gear, “priming the pump”
Hoover eventually established two privately-funded organizations. What are they?
The National Credit Association
The Organization for Unemployment Relief
Conservatives, liberals
Democrats, Republicans
Inflationist, Anti-inflationist
All often conflicting, compromising, and blending ideas
Who is this describing?
Said New Deal relief measures were mere crumbs and advocated a share the wealth plan (a guaranteed annual income of at least $5,000 for every American, financed by confiscating wealth of people who made over $5 million per year).
Senator Huey Long
What is this describing?:
Purpose: relief
Gave money to states and municipalities so they could distribute money, clothing, and food to the unemployed
Federal Emergency Relief Admin (FERA)
What was the purpose of Reform?:
To regulate banks, to abolish child labor, and to conserve farm lands
What is this describing?:
Political Position: liberal
Primary aim: permanent reform
Philosophy: international economic cooperation and economic abundance
Objectives: increased purchasing power and social security for public
Second New Deal (1934-1941)
While Republicans were still relying on their traditional base of political support (big business, big farmers, and conservatives), Democrats broadened their constituency by appealing to what people groups in America?
Name 3 of them:
Small farmers in the Midwest
Urban political bosses
Ethnic blue collar workers
Jews
Intellectuals
African Americans.
Who is this describing?:
An elderly physician from CA. He had a plan for the federal government to pay $200 per month to unemployed people over 60. The program would be financed by a 2% national sales tax and each pensioner would be required to spend the money in 30 days.
Dr. Francis E. Townsend
What is this describing?:
Purpose: relief
Gave outdoor work to unemployed men between the ages of 17 and 29
They received $30 per month, but $22 went back to the family
Civilian Conservation Corp (CCC)
It was socialism (killed individualism)
It added to the national debt ($35 billion)
It wasted money on relief and encouraged idleness
It violated the constitution & states rights
It increased the power of the
Presidency (FDR was reaching
toward dictatorship, Congress a
rubber stamp, independence
of judiciary threatened,
separation of powers shattered)
Name 1 reason for the decline of New Deal reform after 1937:
Court-packing plan made Congress irritable.
Recession of 1937-38 weakened confidence in New Deal measures. Republicans gained strength in both houses.
Attempted purge of Democratic party failed.
Conservative Democrats were elected to office. Resentful of attempted party purge, they joined ranks with Republicans to block New Deal legislation.
Increasing focus on foreign affairs.
At the end of The New Deal we can see that it maintained a democratic system of government and society in a world threatened by totalitarianism.
Name one of the three main ways it did so:
Increased size and scope of government to meet needs of the depression
Provided the leadership that enabled Congress to put through the necessary relief, recovery, and reform measures.
Sponsored moderate legislation to neutralize the popularity of radical opponents