Political Philosophies
. In his view, the main purpose of government was to maintain law and order, political liberty, and the property of the individual.
; he suggested that further balance would be created with the establishment of an independent court system. This is where we first see the idea of three branches of government, operating independently from one another with a system of checks and balances
Charles Montesquieu
lowered the voting age to 18; this amendment was passed in 1971
26th
Has the power to initiate revenue bills
House of Representatives
A ________is defined as a threatened penalty for disobeying a law
It can include the blocking of assets and trade restrictions to accomplish foreign policy and national security goals.
sanction
means the case can only be heard in the federal court
exclusive jurisdiction
. His book, The Social Contract, was published in 1762. He thought that citizens should abandon their natural rights in favor of a social contract.
believed that direct democracy, with the citizens being the sovereign, was the best form of government.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
provided the right to vote to people of color. Voting rights cannot be denied on the basis of race, color, or previous enslavement. This amendment was passed in 1870.
15th
Has the authority to confirm presidential appointments of high officials and ambassadors of the federal government as well as authority to ratify al treaties by a two-thirds vote
Senate
refers to a state’s international goals and its strategies to achieve those goals
foreign policy
This court is the last resort
The decision by this court cannot be appealed
Supreme court
Philosophies and ideas that were integrated into the Declaration of Independence, which was authored by
Thomas Jefferson
Guarantees a trial by jury and due process of law and guards against double-jeopardy and self-incrimination
5th
House of Representatives
includes sending American troops to other countries, providing military training to other countries, or even supplying weapons or equipment.
military aid
(1) The________ is the person who files suit
(2) The _______ is the person whom the complaint is filed against.
(1) plaintiff
(2) defendant
described the state of nature where all individuals were naturally equal. Every person was free to do what was needed for survival. In the state of nature, there are no laws or anyone to enforce laws
Thomas Hobbes
Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures
4th
has the power to declare war
House of Representatives and the Senate, which is collectively know as Congress
consists of giving or loaning money to other countries.
economic aid
_______ is when a case can be heard in either a state or a federal court.
Concurrent Jurisdiction
Thomas Jefferson used _________ ideology as a foundation for The Declaration of Independence. ________ idea of representative government was also used in the creation of the government of the United States.
John Locke
Guarantees the right to bear arms
2nd
Has the sole power to try impeachment cases and to find officials guilty or not guilty
Senate
are formal agreements ratified by countries entering into the agreement.
There are three types(only one word/one answer) : 1) peace – bring fighting to an end or bargain peace terms, 2) alliance – agreements to help each other for defense, economic, scientific, or other reasons, and 3) commercial – economic agreements to trade on favorable terms.
treaties
involve a non-criminal matter, such as disputes over contracts, property disputes, divorce, or child custody
Civil Cases