1.3.3: Metamorphic Rock
1.3.4: The Rock Cycle
1.4.1: Core
1.4.2: Mantle
1.4.3: Crust
100
What is metamorphic rock?
Rocks formed from existing rocks that have been heated and squeezed.
100
What is the process by which one rock type changes into another?
Rock cycle
100
1. Which material is the most dense?
2. Which material is the least dense?
1. Solid
2. Gas
100
What is aboveground molten rock?
Lava
100
The boundary between the mantle and the crust.
Moho
200
Which sedimentary rock can change into 4 different metamorphic rocks?
Shale
200
During the rock cycle, what forms when the magma cools?
igneous rocks
200
Why is the inner core solid and not liquid?
The earth's inner core remains solid due to high amounts of pressure, so even though it should be liquid due to an extremely high temperatures, it acts as a solid. More specifically, solid Fe-Ni, or pure Fe.
200
What kind of currents cause heat transfer in the Earth?
convection currents
200
300
What are the two categories of metamorphic rock? How are they different?
Foliated and nonfoliated. Foliated has visible layers. Nonfoliated does not have visible layers.
300
The process by which metamorphic rocks are formed...
heat and pressure
300
What are the fastest seismic waves, which travel through solids, liquids, and gases?
P waves
300
What is the thickness of the mantle?
2900 km
300
The earth’s crust is the __________ layer of the earth.
thickest
400
What does metamorphism mean?
To change form.
400
Clastic & non-clastic are 2 types of what type of rock?
Sedimentary Rock
400
The earth's core is like a _________.
magnet
400
How fast is do convection currents move?
A few cm per year.
400
What have scientists done to make direct observations of the inner earth and what problems have they had?
Scientists have made many attempts to drill into the earth’s crust, with hopes of reaching the mantle. Problems they have encountered include: lack of funding, broken drill bits, sick crew members, and poor technology.
500
What type of texture does gneiss have?
Foliated structure.
500
When sediments are pressed together tightly, this is called ____________.
Compaction
500
What is the innermost layer of the earth?
INNER core
500
What are the three sections that make up the mantle?
The upper mantle, lower mantle, and the transition zone.
500
Where is the lowest point on the earth? How deep is this point?
The Dead Sea at 420 m below sea level