biomolecules
What are the four main biomolecules?
Lipids, Proteins, Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids
What is the function of nucleic acids?
Code for traits; heredity
Name two kinds of food that have saturated fat?
Butter, Lard, Meat fat
What is the difference between organic and inorganic molecules?
Organic--contains carbon Inorganic--does NOT contain carbon
What is the purpose of an enzyme?
To catalyze (speed up) a chemical reaction
Name two monomers and one polymer of carbohydrates.
Monomers--glucose, fructose Polymers--starch, glycogen, cellulose
What is the function of lipids in a person's diet?
Long-term energy storage
Which of the four biomolecules are present in an egg?
Lipids, Protein
A polymer is composed of what?
Monomers
How does an enzyme affect the energy level required to start a reaction?
Lowers it
What are the monomers of proteins, and how many are there?
Amino Acids 20
What is the function of structural proteins, and where are they usually found in the cell?
Structure; cell membrane
What does Benedict's solution test for and what color indicates a positive reaction?
Simple sugars (mono- and di-saccharides); any color besides blue
What is dehydration synthesis?
Loss of water to build a molecule
What happens to an enzyme after it performs its "job" on a molecule?
Nothing; it ends up the same as when it started
What kind of carbohydrates function as long-term energy storage?
lipids
What solution is used to test for Complex sugars, and what color indicates a positive result?
Lugol's solution; black/brown
What is the name of the place on an enzyme where its molecule binds?
Active site
Identify the difference between ionic and covalent bonds
Ionic--give and take of electrons Covalent--sharing electrons
Name one factor that can affect how well an enzyme works
Temperature, pH (acid/base solution), Substrate concentration, Denatured enzyme