It is not my fault... or Richters
What is a fault?
The crack in the earth's crust where stress is suddenly released causing an earthquake.
The two types of seismic waves are ____ and ____ waves.
P and S waves
What is most likely cause of death of people during an earthquake?
Building quality/collapsing.
The long tube that connects the magma chamber to the Earth's surface is called....
Central Vent
The Hawaiian Islands were formed over this weak spot in the Earth's crust.
Hot Spot
What is the magnitude?
A measure of the earthquake's energy
What is a series of waves moving through earth's crust causing the crust to shake?
An Earthquake
Earthquakes most often occur where?
Transform Plate Boundaries
Underground water heated by magma that sprays out of the Earth creates a __________.
Geyser
Hot magma leaves a volcano during eruptions and is now called ...
Lava.
At this type of fault pieces of Earth's crust scrape past each other.
What is a Tsunami?
A wall of water created when an earthquake, usually a destructive margin, causes displacement of the ocean.
the locations where two pieces of crust are in contact with each other and can move in different directions
Tectonic Plate Boundaries
A volcano that will not erupt again.
A volcano that could erupt again but is not currently
A volcano that is about to erupt or is erupting now.
Extinct, Dormant, Active
Alternating layers of lava and ash create ___________ volcanoes.
Composite Volcano
Name this fault. (slide 3)
What is a Normal Fault?
What is the epicenter?
The exact location of an earthquake above it's focus.
Seismology is the
study of earthquakes
A major volcanic belt known as the __________ circles the Pacific Ocean.
Ring of Fire
Long cracks in the Earth fill with thin runny lava create this ______.
Lava Platuea
At this type of fault, one block of rock slides upwards in relation to the other one as a result of them being pushed together.
What is a Reverse Fault?
----- can travel through solids, liquids and gases. But ----- can only travel through solids. That is how we know what the different layers of the Earth are.
1. P wave 2. S-wave
In school if there was an Earthquake you should...
Get under a table and hold on to the legs.
Large pocket beneath a volcano that builds up pressure before explosions.
Magma Chamber
The OLDEST islands created by hot spots are located (closest or furthest) away from the hot spot?
Furthest Away
Who came up with the Richter Scale?
Charles Richter
This type of wave causes the most damage and moves only in the top part of the crust.
Surface Wave
Name at least three ways to prepare your house for an earthquake.
Extra supports, Anchor your home to the ground, mount heavy object securely to the wall etc.
The bowl shaped area around a volcano's central vent is a....
Crater
At a mid-ocean ridge lava moves upward an fills in the cracks as the plates move _____.
When examining a fault you must look at the motion of these two parts of a fault.
Hanging Wall and Footwall.
Waves travel away from this point below earth's surface causing and earthquake.
Focus
What would one experience if you were at the epicenter of a 2.0 magnitude earthquakes?
Nothing. This size quake can only be detected on a seismograph.
The huge hole left behind when a volcano collapses is called ...
Caldera
Underneath a deep ocean trench is where ________ are located and is how many volcanoes are formed.
Subduction Zone
What are the size of increments on the Richter Scale?
Each magnitude measurement increases by 10 for the amount of energy released. "Earthquake Strength"
Seismograms show us what?
The arrival time of P waves and S waves.
An area in an earthquake prone zone that has not had an earthquake in some time is more likely to have one in the future compared to an area that has recently had an earthquake.
Seismic Gap: (AKA)The Gap Hypothesis
Thin, runny lava and quiet explosions produce _________ volcanoes.
Shield Volcano
The smallest particles that are created by a volcanic eruption and are often shot out into a cloud during an eruption is known as _________.
Ash