Vocabulary
Natural Selection in Populations
Other Mechanisms of Evolution
Speciation through Isolation
Patterns of Evolution
100
Definition of "Gene Pool"
What is "All the genes found in all the individuals of the population"
100
The three ways natural selection can change the distribution of traits in a population. (think of the graphs)
What are directional selection, stabilizing selection, and disruptive selection
100
Word or Phrase that means genes moving into/out of a population
What is gene flow
100
Definition of "speciation"
What is "The creation of a new species from one or more previous species"
100
Definition of "extinction"
What is "When a species completely dies out"
200
Word or phrase that means "the ratio of a specific allele compared to all alleles for that trait in the gene pool"
What is allele frequency
200
The formal name for "Bell Curve"
What is a Normal Distribution Curve
200
A hurricane devastated the palm tree population of the Gulf Coast. 90% of all palm trees died. Only the remaining 10% of palm trees survived to populate the next generation. What type of genetic drift is this?
What is the Bottleneck Effect
200
The three types of isolation that can create new species
What are: Behavioral Isolation, Geographic Isolation, and Temporal Isolation
200
Chimps and Orangutans are closely related, yet have evolved different traits (such as fur color). When two related organisms develop different traits and become different species, this sort of evolution has occurred.
What is divergent evolution
300
The difference between mass extinction and background extinction
What mass extinction is when many species, globally, die out all at once; background extinction is a few species in a small area
300
In science, "normal" means this
What is the mathematical average
300
These are examples of what type of selection: 1) Two bull moose head-butting each other until there is one winner is known as this type of selection 2) Mating dances, such as the Peacock Spider
What is sexual selection
300
Example of geographic isolation
(Answers may vary) One possible example: The large desert on the Sinai Peninsula prevented elephants from roaming between Africa and India. Thus Indian elephants and African elephants are two different species.
300
Stripes can help break up the visual outline of an animal, thus making it harder for predators to see. Zebras have stripes, and so do coral snakes. When two different species develop similar traits, this type of evolution has occurred
what is Convergent Evolution
400
Definition of hybridization
What is when two different but closely related species mate
400
What is moved in directional Selection
What is the mean (the entire "bell curve" shifts to the left or the right)
400
Definition of "mutation"
What is "a mistake in the copying of DNA, which usually has no effect but sometimes can lead to a new gene being introduced to the population."
400
The following is an example of what type of isolation? Even though they live in the same geographic area, the eastern spotted skunk and western spotted skunks' breeding seasons occur at different times of year. The breeding season for the eastern spotted skunk is in the late winter, while the breeding season for the western spotted skunk is in the fall.
What is temporal isolation
400
Definition of "adaptive radiation"
What is The process by which one species evolves and gives rise ro many descendent species
500
If two animals from closely related species mate and are able to create an offspring, what is likely true about that offspring
What it is infertile
500
When the average population increases but the ends die out
What is Stabilizing selection
500
In 1814, 15 British colonists founded a settlement on Tristan da Cunha, a group of small islands in the Atlantic Ocean. One of the early colonists carried a gene for blindness. In the 1960's, 15% of the colonists’ 240 descendants were blind - a much higher rate than is found in the general population.This is an example of what mechanism of evolution?
Genetic Drift. Specifically - founder effect
500
This is an example of what type of isolation: Two different species of cricket that would be indistinguishable unless you heard their mating song: they are of a noticeably different pitch. each cricket species will only be able to mate with an animal of the same pitch mating call.
What is behavioral isolation
500
Yucca flowers are a certain shape and size, such that only a tiny moth can pollinate them. The moth, in turn, lays eggs inside the yucca plant. These two organisms depend on each other, and the two species - one animal, one plant - grow and change (adapt) together. When two different organisms evolve together in mutually beneficial ways, this type of evolution has occurred
What is co-evolution
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