Set-Up
Conditions
Calculations
Conclusions
Potpourri
100
We know what the manufacturer claims the real color distribution of skittles to be, and we want to see if they are lying. We purchase a large bag of skittles to help us test this claim. We would use a __________.
Chi-Square GOF Test
100
To conduct a Chi-Square test, we must have this type of data.
Categorical
100
We calculate the expected counts in a Chi-Square GOF Test by _________.
multiplying the sample size by the respective proportion
100
At the alpha=0.05 significance level, a Chi-Square statistic of 17.87 and a df of 6 would result in the following conclusion.
We do have sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis.
100
What is the shape of any Chi-Square distribution?
Skewed Right
200
We want to know if, in general, males and females get the same scores on their AP Statistics exams. We would use a __________.
Chi-Square Test for Homogeneity
200
Every expected count must have a value of at least ___.
5
200
__________ determines the number of Degrees of Freedom for a Chi-Square GOF Test.
(# of categories) - 1
200
At the alpha=0.01 significance level, a Chi-Square statistic of 30 and a df of 15 would result in the following conclusion.
We do not have sufficient to reject the null hypothesis. We must fail to reject.
200
The larger the Chi-Square statistic, the __________ the p-value.
Smaller
300
We want to determine whether or not musical preference among high school students has any influence on these students' preference of social media sites. We would use a __________
Chi-Square Test for Association/Independence
300
Data for Chi-Square tests must be in the form of ____.
Counts
300
__________ determines the number of Degrees of Freedom for a Chi-Square Test for Association/Independence.
(# of rows - 1)*(# of columns - 1)
300
We are testing whether or not the city of Waubun has the same age distribution as that of Ogema. Our Chi-Square value is 17.8, and our p-value is 0.003. A complete conclusion (based on a significance level of alpha=0.05) is __________.
Since our p-value (0.003) is less than our significance level of alpha=0.05, we must reject the null hypothesis. We do have sufficient evidence to suggest that there IS a difference between the distribution of age among Waubun residents and the distribution of age among Ogema residents.
300
When would we want to conduct a Follow-Up Analysis?
When we make a decision to reject the null hypothesis
400
We want to see if hand dominance (being right-handed or left-handed) and eye color are genetically linked. The hypotheses for this test would be __________.
Ho: There is no association between hand dominance and eye color. Ha: There is an association between hand dominance and eye color.
400
The Random condition is met if _________ or _________.
the data come from a random sample or the data come from a randomized experiment
400
The formula for calculating the expected counts of a Chi-Square Test for Homogeneity is __________.
[(Row Total)*(Column Total)]/(Table Total)
400
We ran a Chi-Square test to determine whether males or females traditionally score higher on their AP Statistics exams. We got a Chi-Square statistic of 3.72 and a p-value of 0.146. A complete conclusion (based on a significance level of alpha=0.05) is __________.
Since our p-value (0.146) is greater than our significance level of alpha=0.05, we must fail to reject the null hypothesis. We do NOT have sufficient evidence to suggest that there is a difference between the distribution of AP Statistics exam scores for males and the distribution of AP Statistics exam scores for females.
400
The distinction between a Chi-Square Test for Homogeneity and a Chi-Square GOF Test is comparable to the distinction between a __________ and a __________.
Two-Sample Z-Test One-Sample Z-Test
500
We want to know if People from Georgia and New York prefer the same brand of toothpaste, so we will take a sample of residents from each state and record the number of individuals who prefer each brand of toothpaste. The hypotheses for this test would be __________.
Ho: There is no difference between the distribution of toothpaste preference for residents of Georgia and the distribution of toothpaste preference for residents of New York. Ha: There is a difference between the distributions of toothpaste preference between the two states.
500
Before we check the conditions for a Chi-Square Test, we need to __________.
Identify the test to be used
500
The formula for calculating a Chi-Square Test Statistic is __________.
The sum of [(observed - expected)^2]/(expected)
500
We want to determine whether or not musical preference among high school students has any influence on these students' preference of social media sites. The Chi-Square statistic was 18.7 and the p-value was 0.043. A complete conclusion (based on a significance level of alpha=0.05) is __________.
Since our p-value (0.043) is less than our significance level of alpha=0.05, we must reject the null hypothesis. We have sufficient evidence to conclude that there IS an association between musical preference and social media site preference.
500
A Chi-Square Test for Homogeneity is used when we want to compare __________ with __________.
the distribution of one categorical variable for one sample the distribution of the same categorical variable for a second sample
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