A
B
C
D
E
100

Which body system is affected by meningitis?

Central Nervous System

100

Compare the cause of osteoporosis vs osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis - Damage to cartilage primarily due to wear and tear, joint overuse, or injury. 

Osteoporosis - brittle/fragile bones often due to calcium or vitamin D deficiency, hormonal changes (such as postmenopause), or certain medications. 

100

1. Symptoms of Meningitis 

2. Diagnostic test for meningitis

1. Severe headache, stiff neck, photosensitivity, fever

2. Lumbar Puncture - if cloudy CSF fluid could indicate meningitis

100

What makes a pain "chronic"

What is a major psychosocial complication for client chronic pain?

Pain >3 months
Depression / Social Isolation

100

Diagnostic test for limb perfusion

Doppler

200

2 types of activity that would be recommended for a client with rheumatoid arthritis

Stretching, yoga, tai chi, walking, bike riding, water exercises (swimming)

200

Name 3 home safety teaching points elderly client

  • Remove tripping hazards like loose rugs, electrical cords, and clutter.
  • Install grab bars in bathrooms and handrails on both sides of stairways.
  • Use non-slip mats in the shower and tub
  • Ensure all rooms, hallways, and staircases are well-lit.
  • Use motion-sensor night lights in bedrooms and bathrooms.
  • Consider medical alert systems with fall detection.
  • Use automatic pill dispensers and smart home devices for reminders and emergency calls
200

how would a nurse know that anaphylaxis has progressed to anaphylactic shock

Clinical Signs That Anaphylaxis Has Progressed to Shock:

  • Hypotension (low blood pressure)
  • Tachycardia or arrhythmias
  • Loss of consciousness or confusion
  • Weak or rapid pulse
  • Pale, cool, or clammy skin
  • Respiratory distress may worsen

These signs indicate that the body is no longer able to maintain adequate blood flow and oxygen delivery to vital organs, which defines shock.

200

Why is enoxaparin used for client hospitalized with new spinal cord injury?

to prevent venous thromboembolism

200

A client reports extreme vertigo, hearing loss and fullness feeling in their ear. What condition is this?

Meniere's disease

300

name 1 environmental factor that could trigger a flare up in client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

UV exposure is one of the most well-known triggers.

Cigarette smoke 

air pollution 

Infections

Stress

300

Definition of CAD

Coronary Artery Disease = Narrowing of coronary arteries due to plaque buildup.

300

how would a client experiencing retinal detachment explain their symptoms?

floating dark spots or flashes of lights

300

What are the signs of impaired perfusion?

Cool, clammy skin and diminished peripheral pulses.

300

how would you define crepitus?

 grinding, creaking, cracking, grating, crunching, or popping sound or sensation that occurs when moving a joint

400

Healthy individual diagnosed with cancer. What is the potential cause of abnormal cell growth?

Cell division errors

400

Name 3 modifiable risk factors for cancer

Sedentary lifestyle
Smoking
Obesity
Diet
Alcohol use
Environmental/occupational exposures

400

State 3 teaching points for a client who suffers from chronic headaches

  1. Identify and Avoid Triggers

    • Encourage the client to keep a headache diary to track potential triggers.
    • Common triggers include:
      • Stress
      • Certain foods (e.g., chocolate, aged cheese, processed meats)
      • Caffeine or caffeine withdrawal
      • Skipping meals
      • Changes in sleep patterns
      • Bright lights or loud noises
      • Hormonal changes

  2. Medication Management

    • Abortive medications should be taken at the first sign of a headache, not hours later.

  3. Lifestyle Modifications

    • Maintain a regular sleep schedule.
    • Stay hydrated and eat balanced meals.
    • Incorporate stress-reduction activities
    • Engage in regular physical activity.

  4. Environmental Awareness

    • Reduce exposure to bright lights, strong odors
400

Define the term Hemianopsia

Loss of vision in half of the vision field

400

what level of spinal cord injury would most likely need mechanical ventilation?

C3 or above

500

What neurotransmitter is decreased in Parkinson's disease?

Dopamine

500

How does high blood pressure increase the risk for stroke?

It can cause the arteries to rupture and cut off oxygen supply

500

Compare the cause of  Hemorrhagic stroke from ischemic stroke

Hemorrhagic stroke is ruptured blood vessel causes bleeding in or around the brain. 

Ischemic Stroke  caused by A blood clot or other blockage that obstructs blood flow to part of the brain. 

500

What is expected with recovery from mild concussion

Difficulty with attention and memory, headaches, fatigue, light/noise sensitivity, sleep disturbances up to 4 weeks

500

What can trigger a migraine? Name 3 common triggers

Stress
Hormonal changes
Changes in weather
Caffeine
Alcohol
Dehydration
Diet - skipping meals or eating food containing nitrates/tyramine
Bright lights
Strong odors

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