Seasons
What was the name given to the annual flooding of the Nile?
The Inundation
Name three crops grown in the black lands
Wheat, barley, lentils, beans, onions, cucumbers, grapes, figs & dates
What is a delta?
A fertile area at the mouth of a river
Name four ways the Egyptians used the Nile in their everyday lives.
Drinking, washing, cooking, swimming, irrigation, transport, beer-making
What was the most important farm animal for ancient Egyptians?
Cow
Which month was the hottest month in ancient Egypt?
July
Name the two main reasons that ancient Egyptians were protected from an invasion?
- they had armies
- they were surrounded by the Sahara Desert which was almost impossible for an army to cross
What was the Egyptian name for the harvest season?
Shomu
What were flax plants used for?
To make linen for clothing
Which direction does the Nile flow?
From north to south
How did ancient Egyptians prevent their homes from being flooded?
They built them on mounds
Which of these animals did not live in the Nile? Crocodiles, eels, hippopotamuses or piranha?
Piranha
What was the coldest month in ancient Egypt?
July
What does the word "pharaoh" mean in Egyptian?
Great house
What months were the growing season?
November to February
What was the name of the plant the Egyptians used to make paper?
Papyrus
What is the name Egyptians gave the desert lands through which the Nile flows?
The Red Land
From what did ancient Egyptians build their houses?
Name three animals that were hunted by the Egyptians?
Gazelles, hares, foxes, ostriches and lions
In which months were there next to no rainfall in Cairo?
August & September
What claim made by the pharaoh's strengthened their power among the citizens?
They claimed to be gods (descended from the gods)
What was the Egyptian name for the Inundation?
Akhet
How did ancient Egyptians water their crops?
Using a system of canals
What three rivers flow into the Nile?
White Nile, Blue Nile and Atbara River
Name three strategies the ancient Egyptians used to keep cool
- wore white clothing
- shaved their heads
- wore a cone of solid perfumed fat
- wore sandals
- wore linen which allows sweat to evaporate
- went naked
Name four animals other than cows that were farmed in ancient Egypt?
Sheep, goats, pigs, ducks, geese and hens
In which month did it rain the most?
December
What did the citizens use to pay their taxes?
Grain or labour
What did the Egyptians do during Proyet?
Grew crops
For what did the ancient Egyptians use a shaduf?
To carry water from a canal to a field
Where does the water that causes the Nile to rise during the Inundation come from?
Rainfall and snow melting on mountains in Central Africa
Name three ways the Egyptians used the minerals they found in the red land
Building houses, pyramids, statues & tombs, and making weapons and jewellery
What animal did the ancient Egyptians use to retrieve the birds they'd shot out of the sky?
Trained cats
Why was the Nile river highest when there was very little rainfall?
Because the Inundation was caused by water flowing into the river from sources in Central Africa, not rainfall over Egypt.
Where was the corpse of a pharaoh taken?
By boat to the Valley of the Kings
How high did the Nile rise during the Inundation?
Around 8 metres
Who did the ancient Egyptians think was to blame for crop failure?
The pharaoh, for not keeping the gods happy
What name do we give today to the desert around the Nile?
Sahara Desert
What did rope stretchers do?
They re-measured and re-marked property lines that had been washed away by the Inundation
Name two ways the citizens honoured the gods?
Temples and festivals
Name two ways the ancient Egyptians adapted to the hot and dry climate
- they lived a mainly outdoor lifestyle (cooking and sleeping on their roofs)
- they wore light, mainly white clothing
What was the title given to the pharaoh's most trusted official and closest advisor?
Vizier
What was the name of the instrument the pharaoh used to predict the water levels of the Nile during the Inundation?
Nilometer
How wide was the black land on either side of the Nile?
At least 2km wide on each side (much wider is some areas)
The Mediterranean
What did men and women do to help protect their eyes from dust and glare?
Wore heavy eye make up
What besides goods travelled up and down the Nile?
Ideas
What was the name of the God of the Inundation?
Hapi
What was the role of scribes in ancient Egypt?
To read and write government documents - they were among the few people who could read and write