Geography
What geographic features protected Rome from enemies?
The Alps & Apennine Mountains protected Rome from invaders.
What were the Twelve Tables?
The first written laws of Rome.
What does civic duty mean?
The idea that citizens should serve and support their community.
Who was Julius Caesar?
A Roman general and dictator who gained great power.
What is one example of Roman art or architecture?
Arches, domes, statues, aqueducts
How did being near the Mediterranean Sea help Rome grow?
It helped Rome trade easily with other civilizations and spread its influence.
Why did Romans write down their laws?
So all citizens could know and be protected by them-it made laws fair.
Give one example of how Romans showed civic duty.
Voting, serving in the army, or holding public office.
What major change happened after Julius Caesar's rule?
The Roman Republic ended and the Roman Empire began.
How were Roman buildings influenced by Greek designs?
They used Greek columns and styles but made them larger and more practical.
Fertile plains and access to water supported farming and trade.
Explain how the tripartite system divided power.
Why was civic duty important for the success of Rome?
It helped the government run and kept citizens involved and loyal.
How did Augustus Caesar strengthen Rome's empire?
What is one way Roman ideas are still seen in cities today?
Roads, aqueducts, stadiums, or government buildings inspired by Roman designs.
How was Rome's location good for trade and expansion?
It was in the center of Italy and the Mediterranean, allowing easy travel and control of trade routes.
What were checks & balances and why were they important?
Each branch could limit the others power to prevent one group from taking control.
What did the plebians fight for in the rebellion?
More rights and a greater voice in government.
Compare Julius Caesar and Augustus Caesar's leadership.
Julius gained power through the army and conflict; Augustus ruled more peacefully and built stability
How did Christianity begin in Rome?
It started with followers of Jesus in the Roman Empire.
Explain how geography helped shape Rome's power and culture.
The location supported farming, trade, and defense-helping Rome expand and mix cultures.
How did the rule of law make Roman society more fair?
Everyone, including leaders, had to follow the same laws.
How did the plebian rebellion change the Roman government?
It led to new laws giving plebians more equality.
Explain how the Caesars helped move Rome from a Republic to an empire.
Their leadership and control concentrated power in one ruler instead of elected officials.
Explain how Judaism and Christianity spread through the Roman Empire.
Through trade routes, Roman roads, and the movement of people under Roman rule.