L23 - Organizations
Personnel can be used on many projects,
Specialists can be grouped to share knowledge and experience
Improved continuity in the functional disciplines, procedures and policies
Communication channels are vertical and understood
Clear career path for professionals
What are advantages of functional organization?
list the correct order for the communications model
what is Source Encoder Message channel Decoder Receiver Feedback Noise?
the process of taking a collection of individuals with different needs , backgrounds, and expertise and transforming them into an integrated, effective work unit.
what is team building
list the characteristics of learning organization
Systematic Problem solving
Experimentation
Learning from Past Experience
Transferring Knowledge
Learning from Others
list the 5 selection techniques
cost effective analysis
cost benefit grid
strategic fit
portfolio balance
multiple criteria methods
Project orientation is often lacking
Project accountability is often unclear
There is no direct customer focal point or contact
Ideas tend to favor functional perspective
Coordination between functional units is complex and challenging
what are Disadvantages of Functional orgs?
list advantages for project organization
what are
Provides complete line authority over project
Project team members work directly for the project manager
Very rapid reaction to problems
Project communication channels are effective
Integration is “easy”
managing conflict by Exerting one’s viewpoint at the expense of another. Characterized by “I win, you lose” attitude.
characteristic of learning org that
involves the systematic searching for and testing of new knowledge,
Ongoing programs – designed to produce incremental gains in knowledge, &
Demonstration projects – to develop new organizational capabilities
What is Experimentation?
the following refer to the __ __ __ process
Provide overview information about projects in portfolio
Assist with portfolio decisions:
Project prioritization
Approval
Cancellation
Ensure each project meets requirements for each gate
Track resource allocation for all projects vs. requirements for current projects
Provide status reports to PRB about relative performance for all projects (use “dashboard,” etc.)
what is Project Portfolio Management?
Duplication of resources makes it very expensive
Tendency to retain team members long after they are needed
Technology suffers, inadequate attention placed on developing organizational capabilities
Lack of career continuity and opportunities for project team members
What are disadvantages of Project Org?
list the 6 PM skills as per L24
Communication skills, Organization, Leadership, Coping, Technology, and Team building
list 5 ways to manage conflicts in projects
what are
Forcing
Withdrawal
Smoothing Over
Confrontation
Compromise
characteristic of learning org that
Relies on the Scientific Method (Plan–Do-Check-Act)
Insists on data, rather than assumptions (Manage by Fact)
Uses simple statistical tools to organize data and draw inferences.
what is systematic Problem Solving?
list 5 issues for international projects
what are (any 5 listed below)?
language, formality, gift giving, age & respect, social behavior, food & drink, Punctuality/time, holidays/vacations/weekends, labor time, layoffs, laws/contracts, litigations/payments/contract terms, Politics
Project emphasized by designating a single responsible project manager
More responsive to changes than functional organization
More efficient utilization of project personnel
Increased knowledge transfer between projects
Maintains strong technical base in functional “home” office
Provides career paths and opportunities for functional specialists.
what are advantages of matrix org?
what are
Dual reporting relationship - balance of power between functional and project groups must be watched
Resource allocation conflicts among project managers may require management intervention
Increased complexity in managing conflict, information flow, performance appraisals
Project assignments may impede career progression for functional experts
list the 11 characteristics of truly integrated teams
Satisfaction of individual needs
Commitment to team objectives
Strong performance norms and results orientation
High trust, low conflict
Shared interests
Pride and enjoyment in group activity
Ease with interdependence
High degree of group interaction and effective communications
Strong sense of belonging
Ability to interface with other organizations
Ability to encourage the development of team members
characteristic of learning organization that includes
Lessons Learned
Post-Project Appraisals
Case Studies
Computerized Data Banks
what is Learning from Past Experience?
what are
Differences in equipment and labor productivity
Costs for communication, travel, local services.
Fees and costs for insurance, licenses, governmental reviews, housing, work salary incentives, automobile, daycare, schooling, security, medical care
Expenses for obtaining passports and visas, and for transporting managers, workers, and replacements
Fluctuations in exchange rates
Increase Competency of PMs in the organization
Allocate and coordinate project Resources
Set and enforce Standards for project management
Assist PRB in Portfolio management
what are the functions of PMOs?
Empathy, Motivation, and Esprit de Corps are part of the __ PM skill
what is team building?
managing conflict stratgegy Characterized by a give-and-take attitude among all parties involved in the conflict, each winning and losing some points.
what is Compromise?
what is benchmarking, customer intimacy, & direct observation?
list 5 ways to get an international project started on the right foot
what are
Look for analogous projects
Hire consultant
Seek trusted guides, professional, and advisory groups
Attend formal training
Start small