Acute MSK complaint
Define a sprain and typical location
Injury to a ligament
Ankle knee shoulder
A patient presents with an acute fracture. What should be included in your initial assessment? When do you book follow up?
Neurovascular status - be aware of compartment syndrome even after casting! Follow up in 48hr
What test can you do to try to reproduce neck pain
Spurling's maneuver
What is golfer's elbow and how is it identified
Medial epicondylitis - resisted wrist flexion
Different length legs and internal rotation is a red flag of
hip fracture
What does PRICE stand for
‒Protection, rest, ice, compression, and elevation (PRICE) teaching to patients
How can you differentiate acute bursitis from septic bursitis?
+++ limited range of motion in septic.
uric acid to rule out gout and CRP to rule out infection
What does a positive painful arc test indicate
supraspinatus tendinitis
A navicular fracture is where
scaphoid or "snuff box"
Abrupt hip pain followed by progressive, intermittent episodes that is worse at night & with activity, groin pain, increased pain when walking upstairs
Avascular Necrosis
What tool would you use to determine if imaging is required
Ottawa Ankle or Knee Rules
Causes of muscle cramps?
Lyte imbalance, dehydration - consider if they are on diuretics!!!
Less concerning at rest.
Loss of both passive and active range of motion, pain worsens at night
Adhesive capsulitis
What wrist pain will worsen at night and how can you test for it
Carpal tunnel - Tinel and Phalen's test
Objective Knee assessments (name 3)
Visualization of gait, inspection, palpation, popliteal space evaluation, ROM in standing and seated positions, locking/laxity, ballottement test, muscle strength testing, quad tendon assessment, provocative tests (McMurray, Apley, Apprehension, varus, valgus stress), complete physical exam if systemic symptoms present
Define strain and common affected areas
Injury to muscle, tendon, or myotendinous junction
Low back, quadriceps, hamstring are common sites
Causes of peripheral polyneuropathy
diabetes, chronic alcohol use, vitamin B deficiencies, hypothyroidism
Rotator cuff tear ROM
no active, can passively range
Treatment of DeQuervain's Tendinopathy
Thumb spica splint, NSAIDs...
May need injections or surgery if persistent
Leads to inability to extend knee
quadriceps tendon rupture
What would you see a "trigger point" pain in
Patho of myofascial pain
Caused by the development of “trigger points” within a muscle – an area of local irritation that, when activated, causes referred pain
Two tests to specifically identify lateral epicondylitis
Coffee cup test (weakness when gripping items)
Cozen's test (Lateral elbow pain with resisted wrist extension)
Painless nodule at the base of the ring finger
Dupuytren’s contracture
Associated with systemic symptoms as well as erythema and edema to the knee
septic arthritis