Random
Langerhan's cells have important immunological function in the epidermis by detecting antigens and help the body build an immunity to these. What layers of the epidermis would these most likely be found?
What is stratum spinosum?
What are neural crest cell derived. Found in the Stratum Basale layer and aid in UV protection?
What are Melanocytes?
Where do blood vessels enter the bone matrix via the structure that also runs perpendicularly to the Haversian canals?
What is Volkmann’s canal?
What is bone demineralization in a child due to lack of vitamin D?
What is Rickets?
What is the correct order of the Spinal Ligaments from first ligament punctured?
Supraspinous, Interspinous, Lig. flavum, Posterior longitudinal, Anterior longitudina
Supraspinous ligament:
First ligament punctured during epidural/lumbar puncture
Posterior longitudinal ligament:
Prevents hyperflexion of neck
Anterior longitudinal ligament
Prevents hyperextension of neck
Disorder of what cell causes Guillan Barre Syndrome which has high levels of Lymphocytes, Macrophages and Plasma Cells, and also a loss of myelinating sheaths?
What is Schwann Cell disorder
What detects pressure and vibrations and located in the deep dermis and hypodermis?
What is Pacinian corpuscle?
What are a matured type with cell nests (isogenous groups) that secretes the matrix of the cartilage?
What are chondrocytes?
What enzyme catalyzes the formation of cholecalciferol into 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and where in the body does this take place?
What is 25-Hydroxylase?
What is the Liver?
What muscle elevates the scapula (shrug) and is innervated by the dorsal scapular nerve?
What is the Levator scapulae muscle?
What are the 2 roles of ATP in the cross-bridge cycle?
It can move the myosin head from the actin active site and can attach to eject the mentioned mechanism action.
What contains Meissner corpuscle, is predominantly type I and III collagen fiber and loose connective tissue?
What is the Dermis?
What is located in the epiglottis, does not readily degenerate, and does appositional & interstitial growth?
What is Elastic cartilage?
What is converted into Vit D3 by the skin when exposed to sunlight or by diet?
What is 7 -dehydrocholesterol?
What has boundaries:
Inferior: iliac crest, Anteriorly: external abdominal oblique muscle • Posteriorly: latissimus dorsi • Floor: internal abdominal oblique.
What clinical significance is seen here?
What is the Triangle of Petit?
What is Petit’s hernia?
When rushing to class because you overslept you stump your big toe on the door and immediately feel excruciating pain. Which dermatome corresponds to this body part?
Big/Great toe: L4
• C5 – Shoulder • C6 – Thumb • C8 – Pinky finger • T4 – Nipple • T7 – Tip of xiphoid process • T10 – Umbilicus • L1 – Inguinal region • L4 – Great toe • S1 – Little toe • S2,3,4 - Perineum
What is contained in the Stratum Granulosum but it doesn't contain a water barrier. What is responsible for aggregating the keratin filaments?
What is Keratohyalin?
What causes a decrease in proteoglycan content, which results in reduction in intercellular water and is related to aging and injury?
What is Osteoarthritis?
What disorder presents with elevated plasma calcitriol levels, high alkaline phospate, and low phosphate levels?
What is the cause?
What is the Vitamin D resistant rickets levels?
What is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the vitamin D receptor in the intestine?
What feature is characterized by an anterior tilting of the pelvis with increased extension of the lumbar vertebrae?
What is Lordosis?
Do not confuse with Kyphosis – hunchback It is an abnormal increase in the thoracic curvature, as a result the vertebral column curves posteriorly.
What muscle retracts and elevates scapula and is inferior to the levator scapulae?
What is the Rhomboid Minor?
A patient comes to the emergency room after being involved in a fire. The back of her head, back of her right arm and front of her left leg are completely covered in second degree burns. Using the rule of nines, what is the percentage of her body that is covered in burns?
Back of head: 4.5%
Back of hand: 4.5%
Front of leg: 9%
Total % of burns: 18%
What anchors osteoclast to the boney surface and help isolate osteoclastic activity
What is the clear zone?
What is a disorder with low serum phosphate, low serum calcium levels and serum high PTH levels
What causes the disorder?
What is Secondary Hyperparathyroidism?
What is Hypocalcemia?
A 22 y.o female presents to the ED following a car accident. She states that her truck was hit from the behind which caused her cervical spine to hyperextend. She now presents with severe cervical tenderness upon palpation. Plain radiographs reveal no fracture. What ligaments was most likely injured?
What is the anterior longitudinal ligament.