GI
A patient has progressive dysphagia to solids and liquids. Manometry shows incomplete LES relaxation and absent peristalsis. What is the diagnosis?
achlasia
What is the first line treatment for chronic-phase CML (MOA of drug and drug name)?
tyrosine kinase inhibitor- imatinib
What is the most common cause of heart failure in the US?
coronary artery disease
What is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease in the US?
diabetes
What is the name of a disease that causes unilateral facial droop after a viral illness
Bell's palsy
What causes watery diarrhea with normal colonoscopy but lymphocytic infiltrates on pathology?
microscopic colitis
What treatment should be given immediately when APML is suspected
ATRA- all trans retinoic acid
What murmur is heard in aortic stenosis
crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur at RUSB that radiates to carotids
A patient with nephrotic syndrome is most likely to develop thrombosis of what vein?
renal vein
A patient develops ascending symmetric weakness and areflexia 2 weeks after a diarrheal illness. What is the diagnosis?
guillain barre syndrome
What diagnosis should you suspect in a patient with food impaction and concentric rings on endoscopy
eosinophilic esophagitis
What anticoagulation should be used in someone with suspected HIT
argatroban or bivalirudin
What is the preferred initial imaging test to diagnose IE in a patient with a prosthetic valve
TEE, if negative do cardiac CT or PET-CT
What lab abnormalities are associated with secondary hyperparathryoidism?
hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, elevated PTH
What should you be concerned for in a patient with a unilateral headache, jaw claudication, vision loss, and elevated ESR?
giant cell arteritis
What is the first line treatment of primary biliary cholangitis?
ursodeoxycholic acid
What virus can cause aplastic anemia
parvovirus B19
What 3 things are seen in Heyde's syndrome?
aortic stenosis, GI angiodysplasias, aquired von willebrand syndrome
What urinary sediment is seen in glomerulonephritis?
red blood cell casts
What symptoms are seen in amaurosis fugax
transient monocular vision loss lasting ~5minutes
What genetic testing should be done in patients you suspect have celiac disease?
HLA DQ2 and HLA DQ8
What autoimmune skin condition is most commonly associated with malignancy
dermatomyositis
What is the diagnosis if a patient develops sudden hypotension and a new harsh holosystolic murmur 3 days after an anterior MI?
ventricular septal rupture
What is the diagnosis in a person with cirrhosis with an AKI and low sodium?
hepatorenal syndrome
What symptoms are seen in cerebellar disease?
bilateral intention tremor, dysmetria, nystagmus