Fire line safety
What does LCES stand for
Lookouts, Communications, escape routes and safety zones
When do inversion layers usually begin to weaken?
Sunrise
What is topography
BC 11
Pargman
Fuels 1
Fuels 1: Du Lac
What condition must be met for an area to be considered a safety zone? Name two examples
Void of all fuel, examples include the black, rock slides, green areas (lawn/meadow), lakes/swamp/creeks.
Virga under a thunderstorm are an indication the storm is what?
Thunderstorm is mature. Down drafts may be in your future.
What is the fire triangle and how is it related to combating fire?
The triangle consists of Fuel, Oxygen and heat.
Fire requires all three to exist, remove one and the fire ceases.
BC12
BC41
BC112Keister
BC41 Monroe
Fuels 12
Fuels 13
Fuels 12: Lanier
Fuels 13: Cummings
List a Fire fighters standard PPE
Hardhat, Ear protection, Eye protection, nomex, gloves, Boots rated for fire.
Weather factors that affect the start and spread of wildland fires are what
Wind, Relative humidity, Temperature, Precipitation. Page58
On slopes facing north you normally find heavier fuels with high moisture content, these sites also have lower average temperatures. What might you find on south facing slopes?
Lighter flashier fuels with the lowest moisture content and higher average temperatures.
BC61
BC62
BC81
BC61: Hannan
BC62: Houser
BC81:Kaber
Fuels 42
Fuels 43
Fuels 6
Fuels 42: T.Reid
Fuels 43:Lex
Fuels 6: Hannah
Humidity, air temperature and radiant heat combine with physical exertion to raise body temperature above safe limits, list the three forms of heat stress.
The mildest is cramps, followed by heat exhaustion and heat stroke.
Stable:Clouds in layers, no vertical clouds: stratus type clouds
Smoke column drifts apart after limited rise
Poor visibility in lower levels due to accumulation of haze and smoke
steady winds
Cooler at lower elevations
Unstable:Clouds grow vertically
upward and downward currents
Good visibility
dust devils/fire worls
Warmer at lower elevations
What dangers do narrow canyons pose when fighting fire?
Cross canyon spotting
unpredictable/erratic wind behavior
increased risk of accidents
Increased fire intensity
BC82
BC91
BC82:Gidley
BC91: Anderson
Fuels 62
Fuels 82
Fuels 83
Fuels 92
Fuels 62: Sirios
Fuels 82:Pemble
Fuels 83: Hanson
Fuels 92: McClellan
What is the minimum distance personnel should maintain when a powerline is encountered during a fire?
100 feet
Define Relative humidity
The ratio of the amount of water vapor actually present in the air compared to the greatest amount possible at the same temperature.
What is convection, conduction and radiation in terms of heat, relate a way they influence fires.
Conductive: Heat that travels through an object to another
Convective: Heat transferred through the movement of gases and fluid. Example being the spot above a fire
Radiative: heat transferred in the form of waves or rays. The suns rays or the heat you feel around a campfire.
DV1
DV4
DV6
DV8
DV1:Olsen
DV4:Flint
DV6:Butler
DV8:Mendoza
CPT 10A
CPT10B
CPT462
CPT661
CPT671
CPT 10A: Delaney
CPT10B: Lee
CPT462: Hannan
CPT661: Kazmierczak
CPT671:Styler