Types of Insulin
This type of insulin has an onset of 30-60 min.
What is regular insulin?
This is the most common method of insulin delivery.
What is subcutaneous injection?
The term for the time it takes for insulin to start lowering blood glucose.
What is onset time?
These three classic manifestations of diabetes are known as the “Three Ps.”
What are polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia?
Once opened, many insulin vials can be kept at room temperature for approximately this long.
What is 28 days?
This type of insulin provides steady basal coverage and has no pronounced peak. Name the type and two drugs in this class.
What is long-acting insulin?
Glargine and detemir
Name the device that delivers a continuous supply of insulin through a catheter placed under the skin.
What is an insulin pump?
The peak action time for this insulin is about 2–3 hours after injection.
What is short-acting insulin (regular insulin)?
In this type of diabetes, an autoimmune process destroys pancreatic beta cells, resulting in little or no insulin production.
What is Type 1 diabetes mellitus?
A patient has a BG of 52 mg/dL and is alert and able to swallow. This is the nurse's first action.
What is give 15 g of fast-acting carbohydrate?
These two insulins can be combined in the same syringe.
What are regular insulin and NPH (isophane insulin suspension)?
Insulin should be injected into this part of the body for the fastest absorption.
What is the abdomen?
This long-acting insulin has an onset of action in 1-2 hours with no peak
What is insulin glargine (Lantus)?
In this type of diabetes, body cells become resistant to insulin and beta-cell function may decline over time.
What is Type 2 diabetes mellitus?
This is the most common and most important adverse effect of insulin therapy.
What is hypoglycemia?
This type of insulin can be given IV.
What is regular insulin?
Rotating injection sites helps to prevent this skin condition.
What is lipodystrophy?
The duration of action for rapid-acting insulin is typically within this range.
What is 3–8 hours?
This test reflects average blood glucose over approximately three months and is also called glycosylated hemoglobin.
What is hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c)?
A patient has a BG of 46 mg/dL and cannot safely swallow. The nurse should anticipate an order for this medication.
What is glucagon?
These two types of insulin are usually given before meals. Name one example of each.
Describe the correct technique for administering a subcutaneous insulin injection.
What is select site → pinch skin → inject → hold 5–10 sec → withdraw?
This insulin peaks about 8–12 hours after administration, creating an increased risk for hypoglycemia during its peak effect.
What is NPH (isophane insulin), an intermediate-acting insulin?
Fruity breath, Kussmaul respirations, ketone production, and metabolic acidosis are characteristic of this life-threatening complication.
What is diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
Profound dehydration, hyperosmolality, neurologic changes, and absence of ketosis characterize this life-threatening complication.
What is hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic coma (HHNC)?