Random pt.1
This term refers to an increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue, which can be physiologic (like a pregnant uterus) or pathologic.
Hyperplasia
This type of necrosis is seen in the brain following hypoxic injury and is also characteristic of focal bacterial or fungal infections.
Liquefactive Necrosis
This scoring system assesses a newborn's clinical status at 1 and 5 minutes after birth using five specific criteria
APGAR score
If a newborn's heart rate is 85 beats per minute, they receive this many points for the "Pulse" component of the APGAR score
1 point (Score 1 is for < 100 bpm)
This law states that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of other evolutionary influences
Hardy-Weinberg law
This substance is the most common cause of fatty change (steatosis) in the liver.
Alcohol
This Gq-coupled receptor is found on vascular smooth muscle and causes vasoconstriction and pupillary dilation (mydriasis) when activated
Alpha-1 receptor
This reflex involves a baby turning their head and searching for a nipple after their cheek is stroked
rooting reflex
This gene, mutated in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP), normally functions by promoting the degradation of beta-catenin
APC gene
At this age, an infant can typically distinguish their mother’s face from a stranger’s using only visual cues, without needing to hear her voice
3 months old
This drug acts as a competitive antagonist at muscarinic receptors and is used to treat organophosphate poisoning.
Atropine
Cancer cells often shift their metabolism toward aerobic glycolysis, a process known as this hallmark
deregulating cellular energetics
This substance, historically found in floor tiles and roofing, is strongly associated with mesothelioma and bronchogenic carcinoma
asbestos
Mutations in these two genes account for the majority of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer cases
DAILY DOUBLE!!!!
BRCA1 & BRCA2
According to Piaget, this phenomenon involves a child’s inability to see a situation from another person's point of view, typical of the Preoperational stage
egocentrism
This nuclear change during irreversible cell injury is characterized by nuclear shrinkage and increased basophilia (dark blue staining).
Pyknosis
In the three-stage model of chemical carcinogenesis, this is the first stage which causes permanent, irreversible DNA damage
initiation
This phenomenon occurs when a small group of people leaves a source population to migrate, resulting in a new population with different allele frequencies
founder effect
This toxin interferes with the SNARE complex, preventing the fusion of vesicles and the release of Acetylcholine at the NMJ
Botulinum toxin
This type of antagonist binds to the same site as the agonist but can be overcome by increasing the agonist concentration
competitive antagonist
This condition, often seen in the respiratory tract of smokers, involves the replacement of ciliated columnar epithelium with stratified squamous epithelium.
Squamous Metaplasia
This hereditary syndrome is caused by an inherited mutation in the TP53 gene, leading to multiple malignancies at an early age
Li-Fraumeni syndrome
This occurs when a child inherits two copies of a chromosome from the same parent, often due to "trisomy rescue
uniparental disomy (UDP)
This term describes the maximum effect a drug can produce, regardless of the dose required to achieve it
efficacy
his phenomenon occurs when certain alleles are inherited together more frequently than would be expected by chance
linkage disequilibrium