Vocal Anatomy
Relaxed, aligned, but tonused body
Jaw back and down
low larynx
Open Throat
"Low" Breath, expansion in the ribs
What is Tonus?
State of readiness in the muscles
What are 3 "Good" and 3 "Bad" Practice habits?
Metronomes, taking breaks, self recording, mirrors, practice journal, mindful and focused practice
Bad:
Distracted practice, not warming up, over practicing, unfocused and haphazard practice
What is the Passagio?
Break, register transition event
What does IPA stand for?
International
Phonetic
Alphabet
What makes up the Vocal tract?
Jaw, soft palate, pharynx, tongue
What is "Noble Posture" and why is it good for singing?
Tall, aligned posture with feet hips width apart
Creates stability for the body, supports projection, tonality, and confidence
What are some foods/drinks/items that are NOT recommended for singers?
smoking, alcohol
spicy, acidic foods
What characteristics can you define a voice by?
Range, Timbre, Weight, Register Transitions, Agility
What is the general rule for determining Open or Closed vowels when using IPA?
Closed: 0-1 Consonants after vowel
Open: 2+ consonants
How do the Vocal Folds move or vibrate?
Oscillating, wave like pattern
Breathy, Balanced, Pressed
What are 3 things you can do to take care of your physical health?
Hydrating with WATER
Nutritious and balanced diet
regular exercise
Avoid stress
limit screen time
What are the 7 main voice types?
Bass, baritone, tenor, counter tenor
contralto, mezzo, soprano
What accents are these?
Accent ____: é, á, ó
Accent ____: è, à, ò
Accent
Grave
What muscles are used for inspiration and expiration in Breathing and/or singing?
Inspiration: Diaphragm and External Intercostals
Expiration: Abdomen and Internal Intercostals
What is Apoggio? What is Breath support?
Apoggio - to lean
Breath Support - relationship between the inspiration/expiration muscles to control airflow
What are 3 things you can do to take care of mental or emotional health?
Breathwork, Body awareness, grounding techniques, Work/life balance
Therapy, profesional help, support systems
What is the difference between an aria and an art song?
Extra points: List the different names for Art Song in Italy, France, and Germany
Aria: solo piece in a larger connecting vocal work, often with orchestra or instrumental ensemble; opera and oratorio
art song: solo vocal work usually for solo voice and piano
Define Plosives, Fricatives, Affricatives, and Nasal consonants
Plosive: momentary closure of air flow - BPDTGK
Fricatives: airflow past a set of articulators - VFZS SH
Affricatives: Plosive + fricative - dz dg tch ts
Nasals: vocalizing through nasal passages - MN GN NG
Describe the initial process of singing in terms of the respiratory system and the vocal tract
inhale: intake of air, expansion in the ribs, contraction of diaphragm
vocal tract tonuses for singing, lift in the soft palate, slight lift in the cheeks, jaw lowers back and down, larynx lowers, throat opens
What are the Inactive and Active articulators?
Inactive: Teeth, hard palate, glottis
Active: Jaw, lips, tongue, soft palate, cheeks
What should you do before you begin "acting" and performing your piece?
Know your text and translations
context of the scene both before, during, and after,
why you are singing
What is the difference between poetic and literal translations?
Poetic: configures to match the new language to the notes, and requires creative translations to incorporate the original meanings
Literal: a literal translation of the original text into the new language according to the original syntax and grammar
IPA this line:
O del mio amato ben perduto incanto!
o d3l mi: amato b3n p3rduto inkanto