vocab 1
Define musical nationalism AND what piece(s) it relates to.
Music that draws on indigenous melodic, harmonic, and rhythmic folk idioms. Beach, Musorgsky.
Define Realism AND what piece(s) it relates to.
Life-like, both in rhythmic and speech patterns and in characters and situations. Musorgsky and Puccini (verismo).
Define ragtime AND what piece it relates to.
Syncopated rhythms against a regular march-like bass. Used march+trio form. Joplin, Europe.
What is non-repetitive march form?
AA BB CDCDC
Why was Castle House Rag named that way?
Named after the Irene and Vernon Castle, famous dance instructors James Reese Europe met.
Define zarzuela grande AND what piece it relates to.
Type of comic opera adapted from 1600s Spanish zarzuela. Spanish language, characters, and folk dances. Barbieri.
Define spiritual AND what piece(s) it relates to.
Spirituals: type of religious folk song closely associated with enslaved African people in the American south. Often religious themes. Originally oral tradition until notated later. "Deep River" source material.
Define the Mighty Five AND what piece they relate to.
Group of 5 Russian nationalist composers. Rejected European conventional training, opted for Russian tradition. Musorgsky.
What is the trio in march form? What is the break strain?
Trio is the CDCDC section in the march. The break strain is the D section- more aggressive, rhythmic, louder, brassier.
What was the Clef Club?
Booking agency for African American musicians. 125-member orchestra - first all-Black orchestra in US.
Define thematic transformation AND what piece(s) it relates to.
Thematic material changes to reflect or portray a programmatic subject. Strauss (also kinda Korngold).
Define Tin Pan Alley AND what piece it relates to.
Birthplace of the modern music industry. Nickname for the NYC music publishing district. Sheet music and recordings. Von Tilzer.
Define seguidilla AND what piece it relates to.
Quick triple meter spanish folk song and dance. Barbieri.
What is the difference between underscoring vs. source music (in films)?
Source music: functions as part of the drama; diegetic
Underscoring: music from an unseen source heard only by the audience; non-diagetic
Who was Dvorak? How does he relate to our terms/pieces/composers?
European composer tasked by US conservatory to write an American nationalist piece. Beach responds to his piece, Burleigh showed him spirituals.
Define developing variation AND what piece it relates to.
The development of one idea into another. All themes build upon and are derived from germinal (seed) ideas that precede them. Brahmsian process. The Brahms piece.
Define tone poem AND what piece it relates to.
Modeled after symphonic poems of Liszt and Berlioz. Colorful orchestration, transformation of themes. Early ones used sonata form. Subject matter: representational to philosophical. Strauss.
Define bandurria AND what piece it relates to.
Small, plucked 12 string instrument. Barbieri.
What is popular song form (a.k.a. verse-and-refrain form)?
Piano introduction: 4-8 bars
Verse: 8, 16, or 32 bars. Sets up dramatic context or emotional tone. Changes words as it appears again
Refrain or chorus: AABA phrase structure,32 bars most common. Words repeat.
What was Variation 1 of Strauss's Don Quixote about? What was Variation 2 about?
Variation 1: Windmills.
Variation 2: Sheep.
Define progressive tonality AND what piece it relates to.
Each movement ends in a different key than it begins. Mahler.
Define Siciliana AND what piece it relates to.
Baroque musical style. Slow 6/8. Dotted rhythms. Beach.
Define turnaround AND what piece it relates to.
Gets back into the chorus in jazz music. Way to repeat without cadencing. King Oliver/Armstrong.
What is New Orleans / Dixieland jazz?
Definition: syncopated and improvised dance music rooted in blues and ragtime. Aka “jass” “hot music”. Noisy social dance contexts. Polyphonic or heterophonic texture.
What is the difference between a chorus in Tin Pan Alley music vs a jazz chorus?
Jazz chorus: 24 bars (two statements of 12-bar blues, each with a different melody and varied harmonies) - not always bluesy.