Ancient Americans and Colonization
Where is the Mesa Verde?
Colorado
What is the idea of Mercantilism?
An economic policy that emphasized government control of trade to maximize wealth, particularly by maintaining a favorable balance of trade and accumulating gold and silver.
When was the Declaration of Independence signed?
July 4th, 1776
What is Manifest Destiny?
Manifest Destiny was the belief that the United States was destined to expand across North America to the Pacific Ocean. The idea was used to justify westward expansion and the forced removal of Native Americans.
Who were the Tejanos?
People of Mexican descent living in Texas before and after its independence.
Who was Pocahontas forced to marry?
John Smith
Why is Olaudah Equiano significant?
He was a formerly enslaved African American who became an abolitionist and author of The narrative of the interesting life of Olaudah Equiano.
What does the 3/5s clause mean?
A compromise in the U.S. Constitution stating that enslaved people would count as three-fifths of a person for representation and taxation purposes.
Who were Mill Girls?
Who: Young women, mostly from New England farm families, who worked in textile mills.
Where did the Texas Revolt take place?
It took place in Texas, specifically the Alamo.
When was the Mesa Verde Built?
600-1300 BCE
What is Bacon's Rebellion?
Led by Nathaniel Bacon it was a violent rebellion against Virginia's colonial government.
When and How did Lord Dunmore's Proclamation take place?
When: November 7, 1775.
How: The proclamation was publicly announced, leading hundreds of enslaved people to escape and join British forces, forming the Ethiopian Regiment
Who practiced Nativism? What is Nativism?
Native-born Americans, particularly Protestants of English descent, who opposed immigration. A political and social movement against immigrants, especially Irish Catholics, Germans, and later Chinese immigrants.
When and What is the Treaty of Hildago?
February 2, 1848, The treaty ended the Mexican-American War, forcing Mexico to cede a huge portion of its northern territory to the U.S.
Who were the Mestizos and why are they significant to history?
They were a group of Indigenous and European ancestry and they later became the majority group due to manifest destiny.
Who were some of the significant figures of The Enlightenment?
John Locke, Benjamin Franklin, and Monstequieu Voltaire.
When and Why was the 3/5 Clause adopted?
When: November 7, 1775.
Why: Dunmore hoped to weaken the colonial rebellion by encouraging enslaved people to flee their Patriot owners and fight for the British.
Who signed the Native American Removal Act of 1830? Why is it Significant?
President Andrew Jackson and the U.S. Congress enacted the law, affecting Native American nations such as the Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Seminole. The U.S. government and white settlers wanted access to fertile lands for farming, especially for growing cotton.
Who and Why are Vaqueros important?
They were Mexican and Spanish cowboys, they are important due to their influence of modern day farming practices.
Who, What and Why are the Puritans?
Why and How is Olaudah Equiano significant?
Why: His autobiography provided firsthand evidence of the horrors of the transatlantic slave trade and fueled the abolitionist movement.
How: He was kidnapped as a child, sold into slavery, endured the Middle Passage, worked in various roles (including as a sailor), bought his freedom, and became an outspoken critic of slavery
Name three people who signed the Declaration of Independence
John Hancock, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, Samuel Adams, Roger Sherman, George Clymer, Caesar Rodney, Richard Henry Lee, Charles Carroll, Lewis Morris, and William Ellery
Who, What, When and Why was Worcester V. Virginia Important?
Samuel Worcester, a missionary who supported the Cherokee Nation, and the U.S. Supreme Court, led by Chief Justice John Marshall. A landmark Supreme Court case that ruled that Georgia had no authority over Cherokee lands, affirming Native American sovereignty. 1832, during Andrew Jackson’s presidency. Georgia tried to remove the Cherokee and enforce state laws on their lands, despite federal treaties recognizing Cherokee sovereignty. Worcester and other missionaries were arrested for defying Georgia’s law that banned whites from living on Cherokee land without state approval.
Why was the Texas Revolution important and how did it start?
After Mexico's defeat in the war, the U.S. demanded territorial expansion, claiming lands that Mexico could no longer defend, Under the treaty: Mexico ceded California, Arizona, New Mexico, Utah, Nevada, and parts of Colorado and Wyoming to the U.S. (Mexican Cession). The U.S. paid $15 million in compensation. The treaty promised rights to Mexican citizens in the new U.S. territory, but these promises were often ignored.